The effectiveness of mass media campaigns in increasing the use of seat belts: A systematic review

Akbari, Maryam; Lankarani, Kamran Bagheri; Tabrizi, Reza; Heydari, Seyed Taghi; Vali, Mohebat; Motevalian, Seyed Abbas; Sullman, Mark J.M.

doi:10.1080/15389588.2021.1921168

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There is evidence that police presence and enforcement has a deterrent power that discourages tra c violations (6, 39). Based on the existing literature, enforcement especially of the laws on speed limits, seatbelts use, helmet use, driver distraction and blood alcohol concentration limits, all produce positive effects on road safety (40,41). These laws are aligned to the ve pillars of the Decade of Action which includes road safety management; safer roads and mobility; safer vehicles; safer road users and post -crash care, and which have all been reported to be effective in in uencing driver behaviour, mostly in HICs (6) and some LMICs(2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Road safety stakeholders’ perspectives of risk factors, opportunities and barriers for child pedestrians in Uganda: A qualitative study

Osuret

Kobusingye

Nankabirwa

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background The health and socio-economic burden of road traffic injuries on children and their caretaker is extremely high in Uganda where 33% (1,384/4,159) of road traffic fatalities were among child pedestrians in 2021. We explored the road safety situation in Kampala, Uganda to understand the child pedestrian risk factors associated to road traffic injuries (RTIs), opportunities and underlying barriers to child pedestrian safety. Methods We conducted a qualitative study in 2021 using two primary methods of Key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Overall, we conducted 12 key informant interviews with stakeholders involved in road safety and 6 focus group discussions which comprised 18 teachers and 17 parents. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis technique. ATLAS ti. 9 was applied for data management and during analysis, three themes were developed. Results Child pedestrian RTIs were related to the behaviour of the driver (e.g. speeding, driver distraction) and pedestrian (e.g. risk taking); traffic (e.g. complex traffic mix); the road infrastructure (e.g. inadequate pedestrian facilities); and the vehicle (e.g. technical defects). Pedestrian safety opportunities identified included roadside police enforcement and assistance of children to cross by a school traffic warden. The key barriers to pedestrian safety included limited political commitment, inadequate funding, and inadequate enforcement. Conclusion This paper has presented evidence that pedestrian road traffic crashes occur due to an interplay of multiple risk factors and yet low priority is placed on road safety. The findings highlight the key risks faced by children in low-income settings like Uganda and recommend prioritizing holistic measures that include enforcement, school traffic control measures and pedestrian road safety infrastructure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Road safety stakeholders’ perspectives of risk factors, opportunities and barriers for child pedestrians in Uganda: A qualitative study

Osuret

Kobusingye

Nankabirwa

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2,18,19 Despite considerable money spent on public awareness campaigns, it is estimated that approximately 30 people die in the US every day from alcohol related motor vehicle collisions. 6,17 Seat belt use, compared to not using seat belts, has consistently been associated with decreases in motor vehicle collision related mortality by approximately 60%. 20,21 Li et al reported a 44% decrease in rear-seat fatalities due to significant increase in the use of restraints by rear-seat passengers over the past two decades.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the multitude of public awareness campaigns, few campaigns are gender, race, culture or age directed. 6,15,17,19,29,30 Akbari et al demonstrated that while mass media campaigns were effective in increasing the use of seat belts, the effectiveness is often limited by not being directed to specific ethnic or social demographics, and demonstrates considerable geographic variation. 6 Furthermore, Beck et al noted that use of protective devices varied by geographic region with the US, with decreasing use of protective devices with increasing rurality 3 with a 14% decrease between urban and rural regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Although differences exist between regions of the United States relating to mandating the use of protective equipment such as seat belts or helmets, 2,3 in general it continues to be well accepted that protective devices have a positive impact on decreasing trauma related mortality. [4][5][6] With respect to a potentially modifiable risk of injury from trauma, attention often focuses on the use or lack thereof of protective devices such as helmets or seat belts as well as "risky behaviors" such as drunk driving. 7 However, public safety campaigns often focus on young individuals 8,9 and are rarely address differential perceptions or beliefs regarding the benefit of protective devices across generational, racial or cultural groupings.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Protective Devices Across the Spectrum of Trauma Care and Across Racial Groupings

Montas

Nwaiwu

Stephen

et al. 2022

The American Surgeon™

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Introduction Protective devices such as seat belts and helmets save lives. Most studies only address one aspect of the injury profile – compliance or mortality – not the entire spectrum of trauma care, and little attention is paid to racial differences in the use or impact of protective devices. Methods Patients with blunt mechanisms where using protective devices would be expected were included and were divided into utilizing (P) vs not utilizing protection (Non-P). Chart review included demographics, injuries sustained, hemodynamics, and blood alcohol level. Outcomes included need for emergent operation, complications and death. Results Non-P patients were more likely male, presented at night and intoxicated. Highest risk behavior (intoxicated Non-P) presented at night (25.7% of nighttime presentations), and rarely during daytime (6.7% daytime presentations). Non-P were more likely hypotensive and sustain a traumatic brain injury. No race related differences were noted among young patients. Among older (>/=50 years) patients, White patients were least likely Non-P and least likely presented at night. Non-P required more emergent operative intervention, ICU admission, and longer hospital stay. Overall, Non-P was associated with increased risk of death (OR = 1.6 (95% CI = 1.28 – 2.11). Conclusion Given unique age and racial differences, we advocate for culturally and age specific public service campaigns.

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“…For decades, public health efforts have communicated behavior change messages through media channels, such as mass media (radio and television) or small media (comic books and newsletters), with topics that range from promoting seatbelt use to family planning to smoking cessation. 21 – 23 Currently, young adults are the largest users of mobile technology in the United States and mobile health technology shows promise as a way to engage patients in their healthcare and deliver evidence-based health information. 24 , 25 Health professionals aim to communicate with teenagers through an array of digital content, including social media, text messaging, and apps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing illustrative social media stories to promote adolescent peer support and healthy sexual behaviors

et al. 2022

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Objective Adolescent females in the United States continue to have unmet sexual and reproductive healthcare needs. Research shows that interventions incorporating peer support can augment perceived self-efficacy and reinforce healthy behaviors. Yet, few user-centered digital sexual health interventions incorporate peer support, and aim to change perceptions of peer norms and model social skills. The objective of this study was to design and demonstrate the receptivity of adolescent females to illustrated digital social media stories that promote healthy sexual behaviors and peer social support. Methods We conducted a three-phase study approved by our Institutional Review Board. In Phase 1, we presented sexually active adolescent female emergency department patients aged 14–19 with eight sexual health scenarios via a survey study. Participants wrote three text messages addressed to the protagonist of each scenario which motivated and encouraged her to consider the use of contraceptives. Messages were scored based on the construct of peer support (emotional, tangible, informational, and belonging). In Phase 2, we worked with a professional artist and screenwriter to design digital sexual health comics using the gathered messages. In Phase 3, we gathered feedback on the comics from adolescent female emergency department patients. Results Females ( n = 22) provided 352 messages. Using top rated messages, we designed five digital visualizations in a running story called Mari tells it like it is. Each story incorporated 5–12 peer-authored quotes. We inserted the final images into Instagram®. Additional females ( n = 39) found the images “relatable,” “super-realistic,” and “educational.” Conclusion Collecting peer-authored texts from our local adolescent community led to the creation of well-received sexual health visualizations. This novel method of design incorporated adolescent voices to promote peer support and healthy behaviors.

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The effectiveness of mass media campaigns in increasing the use of seat belts: A systematic review

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Road safety stakeholders’ perspectives of risk factors, opportunities and barriers for child pedestrians in Uganda: A qualitative study

Road safety stakeholders’ perspectives of risk factors, opportunities and barriers for child pedestrians in Uganda: A qualitative study

The Impact of Protective Devices Across the Spectrum of Trauma Care and Across Racial Groupings

Designing illustrative social media stories to promote adolescent peer support and healthy sexual behaviors

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