The effectiveness of Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation technique on maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in women with non-severe preeclampsia: a randomized clinical trial

Ghorbannejad, Sara; MehdizadehTourzani, Zahra; Kabir, Kourosh; Yazdkhasti, Mansoureh

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09709

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…In addition, two trials reported the effects of antenatal relaxation on postnatal stress, anxiety and depression using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) [ 32 , 34 ], three trials reported symptoms of maternal anxiety during labour and 24 hours postnatal using the Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety (VAS-A) [ 54 , 55 , 61 ] and one trial reported anxiety using the pregnancy-related anxiety questionnaire [ 62 ]. Six trials reported on Apgar score [ 33 , 51 , 55 – 57 , 60 ], three trials reported on gestational age (GA) [ 51 , 58 , 60 ], six trials reported on mode of delivery [ 33 , 50 – 52 , 55 , 58 ], and four trials reported on duration of labour [ 50 , 52 , 55 , 57 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gestational age as an outcome was reported in three trials [ 51 , 58 , 60 ]. In India, relaxation significantly increased gestational age at birth (38.0 (±3.6) weeks in the relaxation group vs 37.2 (±4.2) weeks in the control group, p = 0.04).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same trial reported that the percentage of preterm births was significantly lower in the relaxation group (11.5%) compared to the control group (20.3%) ( p = 0.01) [ 51 ]. However, studies in Iran reported no significant effect of relaxation therapy on gestational age, but the sample size for this trial was small [ 58 , 60 ]. Newborn length at birth was reported in three trials; one of which reported increased birth length in the relaxation group (mean difference 3.5 centimetres; 95% CI: 2.4, 4.6) [ 59 ]; but not the remaining trials [ 56 , 60 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of relaxation interventions during pregnancy on maternal mental health, and pregnancy and newborn outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abera,

Hanlon,

Daniel

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Stress during pregnancy is detrimental to maternal health, pregnancy and birth outcomes and various preventive relaxation interventions have been developed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate their effectiveness in terms of maternal mental health, pregnancy and birth outcomes. Method The protocol for this review is published on PROSPERO with registration number CRD42020187443. A systematic search of major databases was conducted. Primary outcomes were maternal mental health problems (stress, anxiety, depression), and pregnancy (gestational age, labour duration, delivery mode) and birth outcomes (birth weight, Apgar score, preterm birth). Randomized controlled trials or quasi-experimental studies were eligible. Meta-analyses using a random-effects model was conducted for outcomes with sufficient data. For other outcomes a narrative review was undertaken. Result We reviewed 32 studies comprising 3,979 pregnant women aged 18 to 40 years. Relaxation interventions included yoga, music, Benson relaxation, progressive muscle relaxation (PMR), deep breathing relaxation (BR), guided imagery, mindfulness and hypnosis. Intervention duration ranged from brief experiment (~10 minutes) to 6 months of daily relaxation. Meta-analyses showed relaxation therapy reduced maternal stress (-4.1 points; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): -7.4, -0.9; 9 trials; 1113 participants), anxiety (-5.04 points; 95% CI: -8.2, -1.9; 10 trials; 1965 participants) and depressive symptoms (-2.3 points; 95% CI: -3.4, -1.3; 7 trials; 733 participants). Relaxation has also increased offspring birth weight (80 g, 95% CI: 1, 157; 8 trials; 1239 participants), explained by PMR (165g, 95% CI: 100, 231; 4 trials; 587 participants) in sub-group analysis. In five trials evaluating maternal physiological responses, relaxation therapy optimized blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate. Four trials showed relaxation therapy reduced duration of labour. Apgar score only improved significantly in two of six trials. One of three trials showed a significant increase in birth length, and one of three trials showed a significant increase in gestational age. Two of six trials examining delivery mode showed significantly increased spontaneous vaginal delivery and decreased instrumental delivery or cesarean section following a relaxation intervention. Discussion We found consistent evidence for beneficial effects of relaxation interventions in reducing maternal stress, improving mental health, and some evidence for improved maternal physiological outcomes. In addition, we found a positive effect of relaxation interventions on birth weight and inconsistent effects on other pregnancy or birth outcomes. High quality adequately powered trials are needed to examine impacts of relaxation interventions on newborns and offspring health outcomes. Conclusion In addition to benefits for mothers, relaxation interventions provided during pregnancy improved birth weight and hold some promise for improving newborn outcomes; therefore, this approach strongly merits further research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of relaxation interventions during pregnancy on maternal mental health, and pregnancy and newborn outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abera,

Hanlon,

Daniel

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…Thus, interference in the skeletal muscle activity based on progressive relaxation reduces the activation. This process also positively affects other physiological parameters (eg, heart rate frequency) [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized, Naturalistic Virtual Reality Scenarios Coupled With Web-Based Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training for the General Population: Protocol for a Proof-of-Principle Randomized Controlled Trial

Pardini¹,

Gabrielli²,

Olivetto³

et al. 2023

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Virtual reality (VR) is an innovative tool that can facilitate exposure to either stressful or relaxing stimuli and enables individuals who have difficulties visualizing scenes to be involved in a more realistic sensorimotor experience. It also facilitates multisensory stimulation, a sense of presence, and achievement of relaxation. VR scenarios representing visual and auditory elements of natural relaxing environments can facilitate the learning of relaxation techniques such as the progressive muscle relaxation technique (PMRT). A complementary standardized technique deployed to reduce anxiety symptoms is the integration of PMRT and guided imagery (GI). Exposure to a pleasant imaginary environment helps the establishment of an association between a relaxing scenario and the relaxation technique, consequently promoting relaxation. Empirical evidence has shown that VR scenarios can increase the effects of relaxation techniques by enabling people to experience emotional conditions in more vivid settings. Objective The main aim of this pilot study protocol is to investigate the impact on state anxiety of PMRT, associated with a personalized relaxing scenario in VR, and the role of VR scenarios in facilitating the recall of relaxing images and a sense of presence. A secondary aim is to understand if relaxing sessions administered via Zoom are more effective for managing anxiety and stress than a procedural setting based on audio-track guidance. Methods Based on a longitudinal, between-subject design, 108 university students will be randomly exposed to one of three experimental conditions: (1) PMRT via Zoom and GI exposure, (2) PMRT via Zoom and personalized VR exposure, and (3) PMRT based on audio-track guidance and personalized VR exposure. Individuals are assessed before and after 7 training sessions based on self-report questionnaires investigating anxiety, depression, quality of life, coping strategies, sense of presence, engagement, and side effects related to VR exposure. Heart rate data are also detected by an Mi Band 2 sensor. Results The experimental procedure is ongoing. In this paper, preliminary data from a sample of 40 participants will be illustrated. The experimental phase is expected to conclude in May 2023, and the final results of the research will be presented in June 2023. Conclusions The results of this study will help shape the experimental design to apply it on a subsequent randomized controlled trial, also considering clinical samples. This work is expected to measure whether VR is a more engaging and helpful technique in promoting relaxation and decreasing anxiety levels than GI, by making the visualization process easier and by helping people to face more realistic sensory experiences. Assessing the efficacy of the PMRT in alternative delivery modes may extend its applications, especially in situations where the standard procedure is more challenging to be administered. To our knowledge, no equivalent study has been published so far on this matter. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05478941; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05478941 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/44183

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“…Therefore, it can be utilized as a therapy to alleviate stress, pain, and discomfort. (Ghorbannejad et al, 2022;Vinitha and Madhuri, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique on Menstrual Cramps among Adolescent students

Mohamed Elsawy,

Mohamed Ahmed Ayed,

Mohamed Al Sherbeny

et al. 2023

Egyptian Journal of Health Care

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Background: Menstrual cramps are one of the most frequent problems that adolescents face, and it have a significant impact on females' quality of life. Progressive muscle relaxation is a useful technique to minimize menstrual cramps after short, basic training. It is one of the most effective complementary therapies because it is simple to learn, inexpensive, highly useful, and has no negative side effects. Aim: to evaluate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation technique on menstrual cramps among adolescent students. Design: A quasi-experimental research design onegroup (pre/post-test) was utilized to achieve the aim of the current study. Setting: The study was conducted at the Faculty of Nursing -Sohag University. Sample: A purposive sample of 530 firstyear adolescent students enrolled at the Faculty of Nursing-Sohag University was included in the study. Tools for data collection: Tool I: A structured interviewing questionnaire that consists of two parts; part (1) adolescent students' personal data; part (2) adolescent students' menstrual history; Tool II: Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Results: The majority of the adolescent students had mild pain and less than one fifth of them had moderate pain while none of them had severe pain post-progressive muscle relaxation technique application. A highly statistically significant differences in the mean pain total scores among the adolescent students pre & post application. Moreover, there is highly significantly decrease in the pain total scores in the post-application as compared to pre application of progressive muscle relaxation technique. Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation technique has an impact on reducing menstrual cramps when they are practiced on a regular basis. Recommendations: Progressive muscle relaxation technique should be utilized as a supportive therapy to help adolescent students to alleviate menstrual cramps.

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The effectiveness of Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation technique on maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes in women with non-severe preeclampsia: a randomized clinical trial

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of relaxation interventions during pregnancy on maternal mental health, and pregnancy and newborn outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Effects of relaxation interventions during pregnancy on maternal mental health, and pregnancy and newborn outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Personalized, Naturalistic Virtual Reality Scenarios Coupled With Web-Based Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training for the General Population: Protocol for a Proof-of-Principle Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique on Menstrual Cramps among Adolescent students

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