The Effectiveness of Hydroshooter (Needle Cover Syringe) In Reducing Dental Anxiety during Local Anaesthesia

Abstract

IntroductionDental anxiety is one of the most common types of anxiety amongst the population in the world, including Malaysia. According to JM Armfield et. al., a normal fear is a physiological, behavioural, and emotional response to a feared object or situation. (1) Meanwhile, the pathological anxiety is characterized by the nervousness of impending actual or imagined threat, susceptibility or doubt and may be associated with restlessness, stress, tachycardia and dyspnea unattached to a lucid identifiable reason. (2)Studies have seen relation to the dental anxiety and its nature. 4) Dental anxiety can affect both adults and children, especially the younger children of preschool age. (5) A study has been reported that the high levels of dental anxiety strongly associated with the bad experience and traumatic dental setting, such as dental extraction and needle injection, during delivering the treatment. (6) According to Vassend et. al. and AlSarheed M., the carpule syringe contributes more in increasing the dental anxiety level, may due to the association with the placement of anaesthetic solution which is recognized as the most painful moment in dental care. (7) The placement of anaesthetic solution done by the local injection also known as local anaesthesia. Local anaesthesia is part of pharmacological behaviour management where it can cause temporary loss of sensation including pain in one part of the body produced by a topically-applied or injected agent without depressing the level of consciousness. Pain control is fundamentally vital for the successful treatment and fosters the relationship between the