The Effectiveness of Hippotherapy to Recover Gross Motor Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Guindos-Sanchez, Laura De; Lucena-Antón, David; Moral-Muñoz, José A.; Salazar, Alejandro; Carmona-Barrientos, Ines

doi:10.3390/children7090106

Cited by 24 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Among them, hypoxia, infection, asphyxia, premature delivery, low weight, and hyperbilirubinemia are important factors that cause cerebral palsy, abnormal behavior, intellectual disability, epilepsy, and other diseases (1). In clinical practice, infants who have risk factors for growth and development disorders (especially brain development) during pregnancy, childbirth, and the neonatal period are called high-risk infants (2,3). With the gradual adjustment of China's childbirth policy, the age of pregnant women has increased, and various high-risk factors have emerged, resulting in a significant increase in the incidence of motor impairment in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective study of Rougan Tongdu Tuina combined with point-pressing massage therapy on neurodevelopment in children with delayed motor development at very early stage

Geng¹,

Yang²

2021

Transl Pediatr

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Background: Particular factors before and after delivery can cause neurological damage to the fetus or newborn. Rougan Tongdu Tuina combined with point-pressing massage therapy (RTPM) can effectively stimulate the meridians and acupoints, and achieve the therapeutic effects of refreshing, resuscitating, and strengthening the brain and improving cognition. In this study, RTPM was used in the neonatal period, and quality evaluation results of general movements (GMs) were used to monitor the effect of this method on neurodevelopmental outcomes of children. Methods: Children who were born in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 1 March 2017 to 29 February 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. All newborns were assessed for the quality of GMs. Children in the RTPM group received RTPM, and the control group received conventional massage and point-pressing. A 20-day period constituted a round of treatment, each round was 20 days apart, and there were 3 rounds in total. The study participants received regular outpatient follow-ups, and clinical neurological examinations and Gesell development scales (GDS) assessment results were used to determine the outcome of motor development.Results: A total of 96 newborns with abnormal GMs were retrospectively included, including 57 (59.4%) males and 39 (40.6%) females. There were 83 cases (86.5%) of premature infants and 85 cases (88.5%) of low birthweight infants, respectively. The Apgar score at 1 min after birth was rated 3-10 points, with an average of 7.4 points. The evaluation of GMs revealed that the indicators in the RTPM group were significantly better than those in the control group, and the number of children with abnormal GMs after each round of treatment was significantly reduced compared with the control group. At 6 months, the GDS score of the RTPM group was better than that in the control group. After the intervention, the total effective rate of the RTPM group was 92.2%, which was significantly higher than the 75.6% of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of RTPM in the neonatal period can significantly improve the neurodevelopment of children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective study of Rougan Tongdu Tuina combined with point-pressing massage therapy on neurodevelopment in children with delayed motor development at very early stage

Geng¹,

Yang²

2021

Transl Pediatr

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“…Equine-assisted interventions (EAI) have focused on three areas: equine-assisted therapies, equine-assisted education and learning, and adapted horseback riding [3]. EAIs are showing promising results in physical and psychological conditions [4], benefits being evidenced in pathologies' core symptoms as well as in symptomatology related to adaptation difficulties [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Equine-Assisted Interventions on Heart Rate Variability in Two Participants with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Pilot Study

et al. 2021

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People with disabilities due to genetic origin often present high levels of stress: non-pharmacological interventions such as Equine-Assisted Interventions (EAI) may be a useful strategy. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate stress levels in two participants with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome diagnosis, immediately after carrying out the EAI. A single case experimental design methodology was chosen due to the small sample size. Two participants with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome, a rare disease, with different comorbidities were included. The present study considered the EAI as the independent variable while the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) represented the dependent one, as HRV is considered an indicator of stress level. Measurements were performed before and after carrying out the interventions. The results showed an HRV increase in one of the participants and an increase in the arousal level evidenced by a decrease in his HRV. After having carried out the program, EAI seems to cause an impact on the activation level of the participants depending on the typology and nature of the intervention. However, these results should be treated with caution due to the small sample size. This study is a pilot to test the feasibility of the proposed interventions on the variable under study.

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“…In the literature, we found two systematic review and meta‐analysis studies that compared the effects of hippotherapy over time (pre‐ and postsessions) on postural control and balance 7 and on the gross motor function 1 of children with CP. In addition, we found one systematic review and meta‐analysis that compared hippotherapy and physical therapy for children with CP; however the authors included only two studies 8 . Hippotherapy has been considered one adjunctive therapy to physical therapy 9 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical therapy with hippotherapy compared to physical therapy alone in children with cerebral palsy: systematic review and meta‐analysis

Assis

Schlichting

Mateus

et al. 2021

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Aim To compare the effects of physical therapy with hippotherapy versus physical therapy alone on the gross motor function of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). Method Electronic searches were conducted in January 2021. We included controlled trials of the gross motor function of children and adolescents with CP, aged 2 to 18 years. We extracted means, standard deviations, and changes from the baseline to the end of the intervention. We used the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool modified by Effective Practice and Organization of Care (EPOC) to assess the methodological quality and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) method to verify evidence synthesis. We conducted the meta‐analysis using Revman 5.3. Results A total of 315 individuals from six studies were included. Both groups received physical therapy including strength, aerobic, stretch, and mobility exercises, and neurodevelopmental treatment. Studies presented high risk of bias. Both therapies presented similar effects for Gross Motor Function Measure scores, cadence, stride length, and speed during gait. The level of evidence was very low. The change was greater for the physical therapy with hippotherapy group, but inferior to the smallest real difference or the minimal detectable change. Interpretation Physical therapy with hippotherapy presented similar effects to physical therapy alone on the gross motor function of children and adolescents with CP. Future studies should include larger sample sizes and studies with low risk of bias.

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The Effectiveness of Hippotherapy to Recover Gross Motor Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

Retrospective study of Rougan Tongdu Tuina combined with point-pressing massage therapy on neurodevelopment in children with delayed motor development at very early stage

Retrospective study of Rougan Tongdu Tuina combined with point-pressing massage therapy on neurodevelopment in children with delayed motor development at very early stage

Impact of Equine-Assisted Interventions on Heart Rate Variability in Two Participants with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Pilot Study

Physical therapy with hippotherapy compared to physical therapy alone in children with cerebral palsy: systematic review and meta‐analysis

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