The Effectiveness of Environmental Civil Society Organizations: An Integrated Analysis of Organizational Characteristics and Contextual Factors

Kadirbeyoğlu, Zeynep; Adaman, Fikret; Özkaynak, Begüm; Paker, Hande

doi:10.1007/s11266-017-9848-y

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…would not be wrong to point out that, in Turkey, there is limited participation of the environmental organisations in the decision-making processes related to the environment (Cerit Mazlum, 2006). This type of selective cooperation was especially visible in the early 2000s, when Turkey's candidacy for the EU obliged the state to collaborate with the environmental organisations as a precondition for getting hold of the pre-accession funds (Kadirbeyoglu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Environmental Governance In Turkey At a Glance: Policy Pracmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the involvement of some environmental organisations in the decision-making and policy-making processes in Turkey, participation is often not effective (Adaman and Arsel, 2012;Kadirbeyoglu et al, 2017). There are cases where civil society organisations have sometimes participated in decisionmaking processes by becoming members of the commissions, by presenting their opinions and by contributing to the development of environmental legislation.…”

Section: Environmental Governance In Turkey At a Glance: Policy Pracmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Against this background, an increasingly active and critical environmental civil society has emerged since mid-2000s, to address the deepening of environmental problems which rapidly rose in number and aggravated due to the aggressive growth strategies, particularly in the fields of the energy and infrastructure (Kadirbeyoglu et al, 2017). As mentioned in the previous section, these aggressive policies led to several local environmental conflicts against the construction of thermal and nuclear power plants, small scale hydropower projects, renewable energy projects, urban transformation policies, and mega infrastructure projects (Özkaynak et al, 2015a).…”

Section: Environmental Governance In Turkey At a Glance: Policy Pracmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying Ecological Distribution Conflicts Around the Inter-regional Flow of Energy in Turkey: A Mapping Exercise

Aydın

2019

Front. Energy Res.

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The consumption of more energy in Turkey is seen as a precondition for the economic and social development of the country in line with its comprehensive ideology of modernization and progress, and hence, a rather aggressive strategy in energy infrastructure investments is adopted since mid-2000s. Because of this aggressive strategy involving expropriation and enclosure of commons societal unrest against the electricity plants at local scale escalated even further, creating numerous local environmental justice conflicts all over the country. While electricity generation in Turkey is mostly carried out at the rural setting, electricity is consumed mostly in the urban setting, where both the household and industrial consumption levels are higher. A comparison of the regional distribution of electricity generation and consumption in Turkey shows that while the electricity generation capacity is concentrated in some cities-Izmir,

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Section: Environmental Governance In Turkey At a Glance: Policy Pracmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Governance In Turkey At a Glance: Policy Pracmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Governance In Turkey At a Glance: Policy Pracmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Identifying Ecological Distribution Conflicts Around the Inter-regional Flow of Energy in Turkey: A Mapping Exercise

Aydın

2019

Front. Energy Res.

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“…Nonetheless, the winning card in Aliağa was the joint effort of "the streets with the parliament, the legal fight with the political fight" in building an ecologist and internationalist narrative (Şahin, 2010). Kadirbeyoğlu et al (2017) reiterates that the Turkish state's largely uncompromising position today pushes environmental organizations to make strategic choices with subsequent implications. In a similar fashion, the neoliberalization of Turkey's energy regime and its transformation under Erdoğan's rule proved that not only the state had a comeback as a strong player in the past decade and a half (through synchronizing political, legal, and economic relations with the party-state's preferences) but, also, now it is unafraid to use "heavy-handed legal and extra-legal tools" (Erensü, 2018).…”

Section: Aliağa: Plus çA Change Plus C'est La Même Chose?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Coal, ash, and other tales

Turhan¹,

Özkaynak²,

Aydın³

2019

Transforming Socio-Natures in Turkey

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Situated 50 kilometers north of Turkey's third-largest city, Izmir, Aliağa is home to shipbreaking and smelting facilities, oil refineries and massive coal-fired power plants. Aliağa Bay-located on the Aegean coast, with abundant scenic landscapes, pristine waters, and archaeologically important sites-was initially designated as a heavy industrial development zone by the 1961 Constitution. This was followed by the establishment of state-owned heavy industries, particularly during the 1980s; namely, PETKİM (petrochemicals) and TÜPRAŞ (oil refinery), despite the potential to develop tourism in the region. Small and medium-scale industries, such as shipbreaking, iron-steel smelting, and cement manufacturing flourished around these two large state-owned facilities, complementing them and serving the domestic and international strategic interests of Turkish governments and industrial groups. Industrial clustering around iron, steel, and cement was later supplemented with fossil fuel-based energy production facilities. Accompanying the years of state-led industrialization, a strong working class grew alongside the facilities in the region. The lack of cumulative impact studies coupled with a diverse set of state-led polluting investments was influential in turning Aliağa and its environs into an "ecological sacrifice zone" (Lerner, 2010). Today, approximately 36 percent of Turkey's crude oil is processed in Aliağa, and ambient levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are four to 20 times higher than suburban locations in the Izmir metropolitan area (Çetin et al., 2003). Cancer risk is high in the region due to these pollutants, at four times the levels considered acceptable by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Civan et al., 2015). The Aliağa region has a tumultuous history of social struggles stretching over the past 40 years, with the rise and demise of working-class action against largescale privatizations, as well as a fierce environmental movement propelled by the local community in tandem with local authorities and national/international networks. One climactic point was the 50,000-strong human chain in Aliağa on May 6, 1990, to protest the planned imported coal-fired power plant. On May 15, 2016, some 26 years later after this fateful campaign, Aliağa became home to a second mass mobilization against coal-fired power plants and coal ash dumpsites. However, this time the framing, repertoire of contention, political context, and

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“…The existing literature on environmental civil society organizations (CSOs) and movements in Turkey have assessed their organizational characteristics, mobilization strategies, and effectiveness in the neoliberal context of the post-1980s Turkey (Arsel, 2005;Kadirbeyo� glu et al, 2017), and have explored movement outcomes focusing on the reasons behind their successes or failures € Ozen, 2009). As far as the research on nuclear energy and the ANP are concerned, recent work has made a substantial contribution to the nuclear debate in Turkey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counter-hegemonic struggle and the framing practices of the anti-nuclear platform in Turkey (2002–2018)

Şahin

Ün

2021

Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space

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Since winning its first electoral victory in 2002, the Justice and Development Party (AKP) has promoted nuclear energy as crucial for satisfying rising energy needs, triggering economic development and increasing competitiveness of Turkey. This hegemonic discourse has been challenged by the anti-nuclear platform (ANP) that has framed nuclear energy as posing a threat to human life and the nature. Based on an engagement between the framing perspective and the Gramscian approach, this study considers the framing activities of the ANP as a counter-hegemonic strategy to challenge the hegemonic discourses articulated by AKP on nuclear energy over the past 15 years. Analyzing the data from primary sources, such as reports, bulletins, pamphlets, and press releases produced by the ANP and interviews with ANP representatives, this study reveals the ways the platform exercises power through their framing practices and counter-hegemonic discourses to delegitimize the official frame promoting nuclear energy in Turkey.

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The Effectiveness of Environmental Civil Society Organizations: An Integrated Analysis of Organizational Characteristics and Contextual Factors

Cited by 17 publications

References 55 publications

Identifying Ecological Distribution Conflicts Around the Inter-regional Flow of Energy in Turkey: A Mapping Exercise

Identifying Ecological Distribution Conflicts Around the Inter-regional Flow of Energy in Turkey: A Mapping Exercise

Coal, ash, and other tales

Counter-hegemonic struggle and the framing practices of the anti-nuclear platform in Turkey (2002–2018)

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