The effectiveness of endovascular revascularization of the carotid basin performed before coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with combined atherosclerotic lesions of cerebral and coronary arteries

Abstract

Objective – to determine the effectiveness of endovascular revascularization of the carotid pool (carotid stenting) in patients with combined atherosclerotic lesions of the cerebral and coronary arteries, which showed coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Materials and methods. 40 patients with combined atherosclerotic lesions of the cerebral and coronary arteries were included in the study. All patients for 14 days before CABG were stented carotid artery. The number of complications and the treatments results were determined. Survival functions were determined to evaluate long-term treatment outcomes over a 10-year follow-up period. Results. 32.5 % of patients had complications after carotid pool revascularization: angina pectoris – 12.5 %, acute myocardial infarction – 2.5 %, transient ischemic attack – 12.5 %, ischemic stroke – 2.5 %, arterial hypotension – 2.5 %. 98.2 % of patients observed positive results of treatment for neurological status. After revascularization of the coronary pool, 45 % of patients had complications: angina – 27.5 %, cardiac arrhythmia – 27.5 %, acute myocardial infarction – 2.5 %, transient ischemic attack – 7.5 %, ischemic stroke – 7.5 %. 83.5 % of patients received positive results of treatment. The 10-year survival rate after surgery was 19 % [34 %; 7 %]. Decrease in survival function was observed uniformly throughout the observation period: 3-year survival – 83 % [92 %; 67 %], 5-year survival – 56 % [70 %; 39 %].Conclusions. Positive results of treatment in patients with combined atherosclerotic lesions of the cerebral and coronary arteries, which performed stenting of the carotid arteries before CABG, are observed in 98.5 % of patients. Carotid artery stenting before CABG is an effective method of preventing cerebral complications in the early postoperative and distant periods. Long-term results of treatment are accompanied by low rates of 5-year and 10-year survival after revascularization of the carotid and coronary pools.