The Effectiveness of Compression Garments and Lower Limb Exercise on Post-exercise Blood Pressure Regulation in Orthostatically Intolerant Athletes

Privett, Sheena E.; George, Keith; Whyte, Gregory; Cable, N. Timothy

doi:10.1097/jsm.0b013e3181f20292

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It appears likely that higher pressures than those of the commercially available garments used in this study are required to significantly mitigate cardiovascular strain in 'healthy' people at rest, although considerations such as comfort (and hence compliance) and freedom of movement must be taken into account. Notwithstanding our findings, CG may still be of benefit for hypotensive/orthostatically intolerant athletes, at least following exercise (Privett et al 2010).…”

Section: Restmentioning

confidence: 48%

Pressure and coverage effects of sporting compression garments on cardiovascular function, thermoregulatory function, and exercise performance

et al. 2011

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Sporting compression garments (CG) are used widely during exercise despite little evidence of benefits. The purpose of this study was to investigate coverage and pressure effects of full-body CG on cardiovascular and thermoregulatory function at rest and during prolonged exercise, and on exercise performance. Twelve recreationally trained male cyclists [mean (SD) age, 26 (7) years; VO(2 max), 53 (8) mL kg(-1) min(-1)] completed three sessions (counterbalanced order), wearing either correctly-sized CG (CSG; 11-15 mmHg), over-sized CG (OSG; 8-13 mmHg), or gym shorts (CONT). Test sessions were conducted in temperate conditions [24 (1)°C, 60 (4)% relative humidity; ~2 m s(-1) air velocity during exercise], consisting of resting on a chair then on a cycle ergometer, before 60-min fixed-load cycling at ~65% VO(2 max) and a 6-km time trial. Wearing CG (CSG or OSG) did not mitigate cardiovascular strain during mild orthostatic stress at rest (p = 0.20-0.93 for garment effects). During exercise, cardiac output was ~5% higher in the CG conditions (p < 0.05), which appears to be accounted for via non-significant higher end-exercise heart rate (~4-7%, p = 0.30; p = 0.06 for greater heart rate drift in CSG); other cardiovascular variables, including stroke volume, were similar among conditions (p = 0.23-0.91). Covered-skin temperature was higher in CG conditions (p < 0.001) but core (oesophageal) temperature was not (p = 0.79). Time-trial performance (mean power, time taken) was similar with or without CG (p = 0.24-0.44). In conclusion, any demonstrable physiological or psychophysical effects of full-body CG were mild and seemingly reflective more of surface coverage than pressure. No benefit was evident for exercise performance.

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Section: Restmentioning

confidence: 48%

Pressure and coverage effects of sporting compression garments on cardiovascular function, thermoregulatory function, and exercise performance

et al. 2011

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“…A randomised controlled trial and two smaller trials suggest that skin surface cooling may act towards directing peripheral blood flow centrally and decreasing cardiovascular strain, thus treating EAC 45–47. Finally, the results of a study of compression stockings in runners suggest that runners who are prone to OI after exercise may benefit from wearing compression hose while running 48. Those prone to EAC may also potentially benefit from taking H1 or H2 blocking medications, skin surface cooling along the course and ensuring adequate glucose levels during participation (table 5).…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-associated collapse: an evidence-based review and primer for clinicians

2011

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Exercise-associated collapse (EAC) commonly occurs after the completion of endurance running events. EAC is a collapse in conscious athletes who are unable to stand or walk unaided as a result of light headedness, faintness and dizziness or syncope causing a collapse that occurs after completion of an exertional event. Although EAC is perhaps the most common aetiology confronted by the medical provider attending to collapsed athletes in a fi nish-line tent, providers must fi rst maintain vigilance for other potential life-threatening aetiologies that cause collapse, such as cardiac arrest, exertional heat stroke or exercise-associated hyponatraemia. Previously, it has been believed that dehydration and hyperthermia were primary causes of EAC. On review of the evidence, EAC is now believed to be principally the result of transient postural hypotension caused by lower extremity pooling of blood once the athlete stops running and the resultant impairment of cardiac barorefl exes. Once life-threatening aetiologies are ruled out, treatment of EAC is symptomatic and involves oral hydration and a Trendelenburg positiontotal body cooling, intravenous hydration or advanced therapies is generally not needed.

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“…Compression garments are elastic tight suits that have long been used to assist venous return and reduce peripheral swelling in vascular patients [1, 2] and healthy humans [3] and to aid in other conditions such as orthostatic intolerance due to dehydration or decrease peripheral muscle pump [4, 5]. Commercially available compression garments of multiple producers are available on the market, engineered not only to snuggly fit the body but also to potentially improve exercise performance [6], and benefits such as improved recovery when worn after endurance [2, 7, 8] or strength exercise [9] have been observed in some while not in all studies [10–13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lower Body Compression Garments on Hemodynamics in Response to Running Session

Venckūnas

Trinkūnas

Kamandulis

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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Purpose. Compression garments are often worn during exercise and allegedly have ergogenic and/or physiological effects. In this study, we compared hemodynamics and running performance while wearing compression and loose-fit breeches. We hypothesized that in neutral-warm environment compression breeches impair performance by diminishing body cooling via evaporative sweat loss and redistributing blood from active musculature to skin leading to a larger rise in body temperature and prolonging recovery of hemodynamics after exercise. Methods. Changes in hemodynamics (leg blood flow, heart rate, and blood pressure during orthoclinostatic test), calf muscle tissue oxygenation, and skin and core temperatures were measured in response to 30 min running (simulation of aerobic training session) followed by maximal 400 m sprint (evaluation of running performance) in recreationally active females (25.1 ± 4.2 yrs; 63.0 ± 8.6 kg) wearing compression or loose-fit breeches in randomized fashion. Results. Wearing compression breeches resulted in larger skin temperature rise under the garment during exercise and recovery (by about 1°C, P < 0.05; statistical power > 85%), while core temperature dynamics and other measured parameters including circulation, running performance, and sensations were similar compared to wearing loose-fit breeches (P > 0.05). Conclusion. Compared with loose-fit breeches, compression breeches have neither positive nor negative physiological and performance effects for females running in thermoneutral environment.

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The Effectiveness of Compression Garments and Lower Limb Exercise on Post-exercise Blood Pressure Regulation in Orthostatically Intolerant Athletes

Abstract: It seems that simple methods/practices adopted by athletes can have a positive impact on OI.

Cited by 37 publications

References 17 publications

Pressure and coverage effects of sporting compression garments on cardiovascular function, thermoregulatory function, and exercise performance

Pressure and coverage effects of sporting compression garments on cardiovascular function, thermoregulatory function, and exercise performance

Exercise-associated collapse: an evidence-based review and primer for clinicians

Effect of Lower Body Compression Garments on Hemodynamics in Response to Running Session

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