The Effectiveness of Asian Bush Mosquito (Aedes japonicus japonicus) Control Actions in Colonised Peri-urban Areas in the Netherlands

Ibáñez-Justicia, Adolfo; Teekema, S.; Hartog, Wietse Den; Jacobs, Frans; Dik, M.; Stroo, Arjan

doi:10.1093/jme/tjy002

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In 2016, control was initiated using source reduction and application of Bti-toxin. The population could be reduced but not eliminated [ 48 ].…”

Section: Detection Spread and Current Distribution Of Ae mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned earlier, the review by Vezzani [ 58 ] strongly pushed the selection of study sites towards cemeteries. Yet, allotment gardens were also shown to be suitable [ 48 ]. We therefore suggest that the search for developmental stages be performed in cemeteries or allotment gardens, owing to several advantages such as time efficiency, a high density of potential breeding sites and a high acceptance by Ae.…”

Section: Recommendations To Harmonise Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Europe, 17 years after its first detection, with a focus on monitoring methods

et al. 2019

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After the first detection of the Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus in the year 2000 in France, its invasive nature was revealed in 2008 in Switzerland and Germany. In the following years, accumulating reports have shown that Ae. j. japonicus succeeded in establishing in several European countries. Surveillance efforts suggest that there are currently four populations in Europe, with the largest one, formed by the recent fusion of several smaller populations, ranging from West Germany, with extensions to Luxembourg and French Alsace, southwards to Switzerland and continuing westwards through Liechtenstein to western Austria. This paper summarises the present distribution of Ae. j. japonicus in Europe, based on published literature and hitherto unpublished findings by the authors, and critically reviews the monitoring strategies applied. A proposal for a more standardised monitoring approach is provided, aiming at the harmonisation of future data collections for improving the comparability between studies and the suitability of collected data for further research purposes, e.g. predictive modelling approaches.

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“…In 2016, control was initiated using source reduction and application of Bti-toxin. The population could be reduced but not eliminated [ 48 ].…”

Section: Detection Spread and Current Distribution Of Ae mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recommendations To Harmonise Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Europe, 17 years after its first detection, with a focus on monitoring methods

et al. 2019

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“…japonicus population was confirmed [15]. In 2015, a mosquito control program was implemented in Lelystad in an attempt to reduce the population size [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The invasive Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus found in the Netherlands can experimentally transmit Zika virus and Usutu virus

et al. 2020

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Background The Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus is invading Europe and was first discovered in Lelystad, the Netherlands in 2013, where it has established a permanent population. In this study, we investigated the vector competence of Ae. japonicus from the Netherlands for the emerging Zika virus (ZIKV) and zoonotic Usutu virus (USUV). ZIKV causes severe congenital microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome in humans. USUV is closely related to West Nile virus, has recently spread throughout Europe and is causing mass mortality of birds. USUV infection in humans can result in clinical manifestations ranging from mild disease to severe neurological impairments. Methodology/Principal findings In our study, field-collected Ae. japonicus females received an infectious blood meal with ZIKV or USUV by droplet feeding. After 14 days at 28˚C, 3% of the ZIKV-blood fed mosquitoes and 13% of the USUV-blood fed mosquitoes showed virus-positive saliva, indicating that Ae. japonicus can transmit both viruses. To investigate the effect of the mosquito midgut barrier on virus transmission, female mosquitoes were intrathoracically injected with ZIKV or USUV. Of the injected mosquitoes, 96% (ZIKV) and 88% (USUV) showed virus-positive saliva after 14 days at 28˚C. This indicates that ZIKV and USUV can efficiently replicate in Ae. japonicus but that a strong midgut barrier is normally restricting virus dissemination.

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“…One of the most promising management strategies to improve mosquito control is the utilization of an association of L. sphaericus and B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis crystals, which targets a broad spectrum of species, including Bin-refractory larvae (49)(50)(51)(52)(53). Recombinant strains expressing both L. sphaericus Bin and B. thuringiensis subsp.…”

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confidence: 99%

Functional Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt1Aa Is Necessary To Synergize Lysinibacillus sphaericus Binary Toxin (Bin) against Bin-Resistant and -Refractory Mosquito Species

Nascimento

Torres-Quintero

Molina

et al. 2020

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The binary (Bin) toxin from Lysinibacillus sphaericus is effective to mosquito larvae, but its utilization is threatened by the development of insect resistance. Bin toxin is composed of the BinB subunit required for binding to midgut receptors and the BinA subunit that causes toxicity after cell internalization, mediated by BinB. Culex quinquefasciatus resistance to this toxin is caused by mutations that prevent expression of Bin toxin receptors in the midgut. Previously, it was shown that the Cyt1Aa toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis restores Bin toxicity to Bin-resistant C. quinquefasciatus and to Aedes aegypti larvae, which are naturally devoid of functional Bin receptors. Our goal was to elucidate the mechanism involved in Cyt1Aa synergism with Bin in such larvae. In vivo assays showed that the mixture of Bin toxin, or its BinA subunit, with Cyt1Aa was effective to kill resistant larvae. However, no specific binding interaction between Cyt1Aa and the Bin toxin, or its subunits, was observed. The synergy between Cyt1Aa and Bin toxins is dependent on functional Cyt1Aa, as demonstrated by using the nontoxic Cyt1AaV122E mutant toxin affected in oligomerization and membrane insertion, which was unable to synergize Bin toxicity in resistant larvae. The synergism correlated with the internalization of Bin or BinA into anterior and medium midgut epithelial cells, which occurred only in larvae treated with wild-type Cyt1Aa toxin. This toxin is able to overcome failures in the binding step involving BinB receptor by allowing the internalization of Bin toxin, or its BinA subunit, into the midgut cells. IMPORTANCE One promising management strategy for mosquito control is the utilization of a mixture of L. sphaericus and B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis insecticidal toxins. From this set, Bin and Cyt1Aa toxins synergize and display toxicity to resistant C. quinquefasciatus and to A. aegypti larvae, whose midgut cells lack Bin toxin receptors. Our data set provides evidence that functional Cyt1Aa is essential for internalization of Bin or its BinA subunit into such cells, but binding interaction between Bin and Cyt1Aa is not observed. Thus, this mechanism contrasts with that for the synergy between Cyt1Aa and the B. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis Cry toxins, where active Cyt1Aa is not necessary but a specific binding between Cry and Cyt1Aa is required. Our study established the initial molecular basis of the synergy between Bin and Cyt1Aa, and these findings enlarge our knowledge of their mode of action, which could help to develop improved strategies to cope with insect resistance.

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The Effectiveness of Asian Bush Mosquito (Aedes japonicus japonicus) Control Actions in Colonised Peri-urban Areas in the Netherlands

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

The Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Europe, 17 years after its first detection, with a focus on monitoring methods

The Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus japonicus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Europe, 17 years after its first detection, with a focus on monitoring methods

The invasive Asian bush mosquito Aedes japonicus found in the Netherlands can experimentally transmit Zika virus and Usutu virus

Functional Bacillus thuringiensis Cyt1Aa Is Necessary To Synergize Lysinibacillus sphaericus Binary Toxin (Bin) against Bin-Resistant and -Refractory Mosquito Species

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