The Effect of WO3-Doped Soda Lime Silica SLS Waste Glass to Develop Lead-Free Glass as a Shielding Material against Radiation

Khazaalah, Thair Hussein; Mustafa, Iskandar Shahrim; Al-Ghamdi, Hanan; Rahman, Azhar Abdul; Sayyed, M.I.; Almuqrin, Aljawhara H.; Zaid, Mohd Hafiz Mohd; Hisam, R.; Malik, Muhammad Fadhirul Izwan Abdul; Ezra, Nabasu Seth; Shariff, Hanisha Mohd Mohd

doi:10.3390/su14042413

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This is due to the fact that it is possible to make use of a substantial number of the resources that were previously mentioned. The cement used in normal concrete is generally considered to be one of the most crucial components of the mixture [3]. Cement is produced at a pace of approximately 2.35 billion tons per year, which is equivalent to nearly 1 cubic meter of cement for each and every person living on the earth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beams Containing Waste Glass

Taher¹

2023

IJRISE

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As more towns and factories have been built over the course of the last several years, there has been a concomitant increase in the amount of waste glass that has been produced. The vast majority of glass that is considered waste is thrown in landfills, and only a small part of this glass may really be recycled. Because of the significant costs involved in cleaning and color sorting. The fact that glass does not decompose in landfills means that this type of waste disposal is not considered to be good for the environment. Recent research has revealed that recycled glass can be successfully utilized in concrete in as an aggregate, or as a replacement for cement. Both of these applications have been demonstrated to have positive results. The utilization of fine and coarse aggregates served to highlight this point. Glass has the ability to have a nature that is cementitious. This is due to the fact that glass is an amorphous substance and contains relatively significant amounts of silicon and calcium. In addition, glass is made up of calcium and silicon in proportions that are nearly identical to one another. Glass that has been treated to a finer particle size than waste glass, which has been processed to a coarser particle size, does not contribute to the alkali-silica reaction (ASR) since the waste glass has been processed to a coarser particle size. The use of pozzolanic reaction products as a substitute for cement that can be used in limited amounts will, in addition to improving the characteristics of concrete through the pozzolanic reaction, contribute to a greener environment. This is due to the fact that one ton of portland cement output resulted in the production of about one metric ton of carbon dioxide, which contributes to issues relating to global warming. In other words, one ton of portland cement output caused the production of approximately one ton of carbon dioxide. The most recent advancements in the structural behavior of reinforced concrete beams and the present status of recycling operations for waste glass are both investigated in depth during the course of this research paper's investigation. In addition, the article details the actions that need to be done in order to successfully employ waste glass in place of aggregate and cement. These products will not only help to recycle previously used glass, but they will also make the environment that surrounds us greener.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beams Containing Waste Glass

Taher¹

2023

IJRISE

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“…Moreover, several kinds of rocks have been developed as radiation protection materials at different gamma energies from several keV to 10 MeV [ 6 ]. Moreover, glasses have been developed recently and utilized as promising shielding materials [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ZnF2 and WO3 on Radiation Attenuation Features of Oxyfluoride Tellurite WO3-ZnF2-TeO2 Glasses Using Phy-X/PSD Software

Almuqrin

Sayyed

2022

Materials

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The radiation shielding features of the ternary oxyfluoride tellurite glasses were studied by calculating different shielding factors. The effect of the TeO2, WO3, and ZnF2 on the tested glass system’s attenuating performance was predicted from the examination. The mass attenuation coefficient (µ/ρ) values for the oxyfluoride tellurite glasses depend highly on the concentration of WO3, as well as ZnF2. All the present ZnFWTe1-ZnFWTe5 samples have higher µ/ρ values than that of the pure TeO2 glass at all energies. For the samples with a fixed content of WO3, the replacement of TeO2 by ZnF2 increases the µ/ρ, while for the glasses with a fixed content of TeO2, the replacement of WO3 by ZnF2 results in a decline in the µ/ρ values. The results revealed that ZnFWTe4 has the lowest linear attenuation coefficient (µ) among the oxyfluoride tellurite glasses, whereby it has a slightly higher value than pure TeO2 glass. The maximum effective atomic number (Zeff) is found at 0.284 MeV and varied between 31.75 and 34.30 for the tested glasses; it equaled to 30.29 for the pure TeO2 glass. The half-value layer (HVL) of the glasses showed a gradual decline with increasing density. The pure TeO2 was revealed to have thicker HVL than the selected oxyfluoride tellurite glasses. A 1.901-cm thickness of the sample, ZnFWTe1, is required to decrease the intensity of a photon with an energy of 0.284 MeV to one-tenth of its original, whereas 1.936, 1.956, 2.212, and 2.079 cm are required for glasses ZnFWTe2, ZnFWTe3, ZnFWTe4, and ZnFWTe5, respectively.

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