The effect of white matter hyperintensity volume on brain structure, cognitive performance, and cerebral metabolism of glucose in 51 healthy adults

DeCarli, Charles; Murphy, Declan; Tranh, M.; Grady, Cheryl L.; Haxby, J. V.; Gillette, J. A.; Salerno, Judith A.; Gonzales-Aviles, A.; Horwitz, Barry; Rapoport, S

doi:10.1212/wnl.45.11.2077

Cited by 478 publications

(440 citation statements)

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“…The cognitive domains of speed of information processing and executive function are linked to metabolic and cerebrovascular disease [20], both of which are also risk factors for neurodegeneration and cognitive decline [54]. Many of the cognitive domains for which we found an association with consistent PA are mediated by frontal and subcortical brain systems that are commonly affected in HIV and by cerebrovascular disease [55,56]. Thus, the indirect effects that PA exerts on cerebrovascular and metabolic risk factors may help to explain our current findings [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

A Longitudinal Analysis of the Impact of Physical Activity on Neurocognitive Functioning Among HIV-Infected Adults

et al. 2016

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Higher levels of physical activity (PA) have been linked to better neurocognitive functioning in many populations. The current study examines the longitudinal association between PA and neurocognitive functioning among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected persons. Community-dwelling adults (N = 291) self-reported level of PA and completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery at two to four study visits (Mean follow-up time = 2.6 years). Participants were divided into three PA groups: ''No PA'' (no PA at any visit), ''consistent PA'' (PA at C50% of visits), and ''inconsistent PA'' (PA \ 50% of visits). A mixed effect model, adjusting for significant covariates showed that all PA groups had statistically significant, yet modest, neurocognitive decline over time; and, the consistent PA group began with, and maintained, significantly better neurocognitive function compared to the other two PA groups. This effect was evident among both HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected persons, despite the fact that HIV-infected persons showed lower baseline neurocognitive function. PA is a modifiable lifestyle behavior that may help to protect against neurocognitive impairment regardless of HIV status, however, given the proportion of HIV-infected individuals who evidence neurocognitive difficulties, a focus on increasing PA seems warranted.Resumen La actividad física (AF) ha sido asociada con un mejor funcionamiento neurocognitivo en varios grupos. Este estudio examinó la asociación longitudinal entre la AF y el funcionamiento neurocognitivo en personas con y sin infección del VIH. Adultos viviendo en la comunidad (N = 291) proporcionaron información acerca de sus niveles de AF y completaron una batería neuropsicológica exhaustiva. Los participantes completaron entre dos y cuatro visitas relacionadas con el estudio (tiempo de seguimiento promedio = 2,6 años) y fueron divididos en tres grupos de AF: ''Ninguna AF'' (Ninguna AF durante todas las visitas del estudio), ''AF Consistente'' (AF durante 50% o más de las visitas del estudio), y ''AF Inconsistente'' (AF durante menos del 50% de las visitas del estudio). Un modelo estadístico mixto, ajustando por el efecto de variables externas, indicó que hubo una reducción estadísticamente significativa, pero poco pronunciada, en el funcionamiento neurocognitivo en todos los grupos. Además, el grupo con AF Consistente demostró un mejor funcionamiento neurocognitivo en comparación con los otros dos grupos de AF al comienzo del estudio, el cual se mantuvo durante el seguimiento. A pesar de que las personas con VIH demostraron un funcionamiento neurocognitivo más bajo al comienzo del estudio que las personas sin VIH, el efecto de AF fue demostrado en los dos grupos. Es importante recalcar que la AF es un factor de vida modificable que podría proteger contra los daños neurocognitivos independientemente de si las personas tienen o no VIH. Dada la proporción de personas con VIH que demuestran problemas neurocognitivos relacionados con esta enfermedad, será importante enfocar los esfuerzos ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

A Longitudinal Analysis of the Impact of Physical Activity on Neurocognitive Functioning Among HIV-Infected Adults

et al. 2016

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“…Images were then resampled every 2 mm using sinc interpolation and smoothed with a 4 mm Gaussian kernel to decrease spatial noise. Total brain volume-Non-brain elements were manually removed from structural images by operator-guided tracing using a custom-written computer program operating on a UNIX, Solaris platform (Quanta 6.1) These images were automatically segmented into cerebrospinal fluid and brain matter components according to previously published methods in order to obtain a measure of total brain volume (DeCarli et al 1992(DeCarli et al , 1995(DeCarli et al , 1996.…”

Section: Brain Volume and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Hippocampal Activation During Recall is Associated with Elevated FMR1 mRNA and Psychiatric Symptoms in Men with the Fragile X Premutation

Koldewyn

Hessl

Adams

et al. 2008

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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Recent studies reveal that young carriers of the fragile X premutation are at increased risk for psychiatric conditions, memory problems and executive deficits. Post mortem and structural MRI studies suggest the hippocampus is preferentially affected by the premutation. The current study utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to explore the relationship between hippocampal structure and function as well as molecular/genetic and psychiatric measures in men with the fragile X premutation. Although the groups did not differ in hippocampal volume, the premutation group showed reduced left hippocampal activation and increased right parietal activation during a recall task relative to controls. These results suggest that brain function underlying memory recall is affected by premutation status. Left hippocampal activation was negatively correlated with both FMR1 mRNA level and psychiatric symptomology in the premutation group. These associations support the theory that increased levels of FMR1 mRNA affect brain function and contribute to psychiatric symptoms.

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“…The effects of small vessel ischemic vascular disease are not uniformly distributed throughout the brain and the frontal lobes may be particularly vulnerable. For example, previous studies of normal elderly populations demonstrate that presence of WMHs is associated both structurally with frontal lobe atrophy (5,-8) and functionally with worse performance on neuropsychological tests of frontal lobe functions (6,(9)(10)(11)(12). In individuals meeting clinical criteria for Alzheimer's disease, other studies have reported a frontal lobe predominance for location of WMHs as well as correlations between WMHs and loss of frontal lobe cortical volumes (5,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Atrophy and White Matter Hyperintensities in HIV: The Hawaii Aging with HIV Cohort Study

McMurtray

Nakamoto

Shikuma

et al. 2008

Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

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The effect of white matter hyperintensity volume on brain structure, cognitive performance, and cerebral metabolism of glucose in 51 healthy adults

Cited by 478 publications

References 0 publications

A Longitudinal Analysis of the Impact of Physical Activity on Neurocognitive Functioning Among HIV-Infected Adults

A Longitudinal Analysis of the Impact of Physical Activity on Neurocognitive Functioning Among HIV-Infected Adults

Reduced Hippocampal Activation During Recall is Associated with Elevated FMR1 mRNA and Psychiatric Symptoms in Men with the Fragile X Premutation

Cortical Atrophy and White Matter Hyperintensities in HIV: The Hawaii Aging with HIV Cohort Study

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