The effect of wheat fibre on plasma lipids and faecal steroid excretion in man

Kay, R M; As, Truswell

doi:10.1079/bjn19770024

Cited by 92 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In one interesting paper in this group, Munoz et ai. (1979) reported reduction in Eastwood et al (1973) 0 8 men; 16 g bran; 3 weeks Heaton and Pomare (1974) 0 6 normal, 8 cholelithiasis; 38 g bran; 5 weeks Connell et al (1975) 0 23 students; 28-57 g bran; 11 weeks Truswell and Kay (1975); 0 6 normals; 23 g bran + 167 g whole wheat Kay and Truswell (1977a) bread; 3 weeks Jenkins et al (1975a, b) 0 6 men; 30 g bran, 77 g bran products, WW bread; 3 weeks Durrington et aI. (1975) 0 12 men; 30 g bread; 6 weeks Bremner et aI.…”

Section: Wheat Fibrementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Most of these 27 experiments were well designed, with control-test-control (e.g. Kay and Truswell, 1977a) or crossover design (Liebman et aI., 1983) or parallel control groups (Heaton et aI., 1976;Stasse-Wolthuis et aI., 1980) and some were of long duration (Heaton et aI., 1976;Tarpila et aI., 1978;Brodribb and Humphreys, 1976). In some studies all food was provided for the subjects in a metabolic unit (Jenkins et aI., 1975b;Kay and Truswell, 1977a;Raymond et aI., 1977;Stasse-Wolthuis et aI., 1980).…”

Section: Wheat Fibrementioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dietary Fibre and Plasma Lipids: Potential for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidaemias

As¹,

Beynen²

1992

Dietary Fibre — A Component of Food

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Section: Wheat Fibrementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Wheat Fibrementioning

confidence: 98%

Dietary Fibre and Plasma Lipids: Potential for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidaemias

As¹,

Beynen²

1992

Dietary Fibre — A Component of Food

Self Cite

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“…Most of these 27 experiments were well designed, with control -test -control or crossover design or parallel control groups, and some were of long duration. In some studies all food was provided for the subjects in a metabolic unit (Jenkins et al, 1975;Kay & Truswell, 1977;Raymond et al, 1977;Stasse-Wolthuis et al, 1980). In the best of these reports with negative results, frequent measurements were made of plasma cholesterol concentrations.…”

Section: (B) Experiments On Effects Of Cereal Foods or Fractions On Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cereal grains and coronary heart disease

2002

Eur J Clin Nutr

424

245

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Cereal grains and their products provide around 30% of total energy intake in British adults, (much more than any of the other major food groups). Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the largest single cause of death in Britain and many other Western countries. This review examines the question whether there is a relation between cereal consumption and CHD.Several of the nutrients in cereals have known potential for reducing risk factors for CHD: the linoleic acid, fibre, vitamin E, selenium and folate. Cereals also contain phytoestrogens of the lignan family and several phenolic acids with antioxidant properties. Processing generally reduces the content of these nutrients and bioprotective substances. Although cereals at the farm gate are very low in salt, processed cereal foods, eg bread and some breakfast cereals, are high-salt foods and thus could contribute to raising blood pressure.Human experiments have clearly shown that oat fibre tends to lower plasma total and LDL cholesterol but wheat fibre does not. Rice bran and barley may also lower cholesterol but most people do not eat enough barley to have an effect. Cereal foods with low glycaemic index such as pasta and oats are beneficial for people with diabetes and might lower plasma lipids.Between 1996 and 2001 an accumulation of five very large cohort studies in the USA, Finland and Norway have all reported that subjects consuming relatively large amounts of whole grain cereals have significantly lower rates of CHD. This confirms an earlier report from a small British cohort. The protective effect does not seem to be due to cholesterol-lowering. While cohort studies have shown this consistent protective effect of whole grain cereals, there has been (only one) randomised controlled secondary prevention trial of advice to eat more cereal fibre. In this there was no reduction of the rate of reinfarction. The trial had some weaknesses, eg there were eight different diets, compliance was not checked objectively, and duration was for only 2 y.It appears valid to make health claims (as now permitted by the US FDA) that whole grain cereal foods and oat meal or bran may reduce the risk of CHD.

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“…Contradictory results have been obtained with wheat bran in humans and experimental animals. Jenkins, Hill and Cummings (1975) and Cummings et al (1976) reported increased fecal excretion of bile acids, while Eastwood et al (1973) and Kay and Truswell (1977) dit not observe this increase or even report an increase after bran intake was stopped. In a long-term study (1 year), Tarpila, Miettinen and Mets5ranta (1978) noted a decrease in the fecal elimination of neutral and acid sterols as a result of a decline in cholesterol biosynthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dietary fiber and cholesterol and bile acid metabolisms in axenic (germfree) and holoxenic (conventional) rats. I. — Effect of wheat bran

Sacquet¹,

Leprince²,

Riottot³

1982

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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Summary. ― Axenic (GF) and holoxenic (CV) rats were given a semi-synthetic diet containing no fiber (0) or 10 p. 100 bran (B). The GFO, GFB, CVO and CVB groups were compared to assess the action of the flora and the bran.The bran diet dit not change body growth, food intake or cecal water content. It caused only a slight decrease in the digestive utilization of the diet in the holoxenic rats and a decline in cecal weight in the axenic rats.The bran diet modified unabsorbed cholesterol transit in both types of rats, and slightly altered dietary cholesterol absorption which was a little lower in axenics than in holoxenics. In the former (GF), the bran-containing diet dit not change either the plasma or the hepatic cholesterol concentration. In the latter (CV), it increased plasma cholesterol which was lower in CVO rats than in the other three groups and decreased hepatic cholesterol which was thus lower in the CVB lot than in the others. The bran diet reduced fecal cholesterol elimination in axenic and holoxenic rats. This decrease was a little higher in the latter. The digestive tract microbial flora was thus implicated in the effect of bran on those characteristics of cholesterol metabolism.The bran did not change fecal bile acid composition in the axenics. In the holoxenics, it contributed to make this composition uniform because without bran, individual compositions varied.The microbial flora thus changed many aspects of bran action on cholesterol and bile acid metabolisms. But total cholesterol and bile acid elimination was only slightly affected by those two factors.Introduction.

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The effect of wheat fibre on plasma lipids and faecal steroid excretion in man

Cited by 92 publications

References 24 publications

Dietary Fibre and Plasma Lipids: Potential for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidaemias

Dietary Fibre and Plasma Lipids: Potential for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidaemias

Cereal grains and coronary heart disease

Dietary fiber and cholesterol and bile acid metabolisms in axenic (germfree) and holoxenic (conventional) rats. I. — Effect of wheat bran

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