The effect of water deprivation and subsequent satiation upon general activity in the rat.

Finger, Frank W.; Reid, Lyne Starling

doi:10.1037/h0058219

Cited by 51 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(3 reference statements)

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“…Although it is well known that dehydration induces hyperlocomotor activity in animals (Finger and Reid, 1952;Hall, 1955), the mechanism for this, as yet, has not been elucidated in detail. Water deprivation induced hyperlocomotor activity in wild-type mice but not in orexin/ataxin-3 mice during the early dark period.…”

Section: Physiological Significance Of Avp and Oxytocin-mediated Actimentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasopressin Increases Locomotion through a V1a Receptor in Orexin/Hypocretin Neurons: Implications for Water Homeostasis

Tsunematsu¹,

Fu²,

Yamanaka³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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Water homeostasis is a critical challenge to survival for land mammals. Mice display increased locomotor activity when dehydrated, a behavior that improves the likelihood of locating new sources of water and simultaneously places additional demands on compromised hydration levels. The neurophysiology underlying this well known behavior has not been previously elucidated. We report that the anti-diuretic hormone arginine-vasopressin (AVP) is involved in this response. AVP and oxytocin directly induced depolarization and an inward current in orexin/hypocretin neurons. AVP-induced activation of orexin neurons was inhibited by a V1a receptor (V1aR)-selective antagonist and was not observed in V1aR knock-out mice, suggesting an involvement of V1aR. Subsequently activation of phospholipase C␤ triggers an increase in intracellular calcium by both calcium influx through nonselective cation channels and calcium release from calcium stores in orexin neurons. Intracerebroventricular injection of AVP or water deprivation increased locomotor activity in wild-type mice, but not in transgenic mice lacking orexin neurons. V1aR knock-out mice were less active than wild-type mice. These results suggest that the activation of orexin neurons by AVP or oxytocin has an important role in the regulation of spontaneous locomotor activity in mice. This system appears to play a key role in water deprivation-induced hyperlocomotor activity, a response to dehydration that increases the chance of locating water in nature.

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Section: Physiological Significance Of Avp and Oxytocin-mediated Actimentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasopressin Increases Locomotion through a V1a Receptor in Orexin/Hypocretin Neurons: Implications for Water Homeostasis

Tsunematsu¹,

Fu²,

Yamanaka³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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“…Evidence or statements on water intake indicate, variously, little change, abrupt fall, slow decline or irregular decline of intake during deprivation of food [e.g. Cizek and Nocenti, 1965;Finger and Reid, 1952;LeMagnen, 1956;Nims and Sutton, 1954;Strominger, 1947] Water of Gut Contents. -The food and water intakes and urine volumes of forty-five ChR-CD rats were recorded; Eighteen rats were then killed after ad lib.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Water Exchange and Polyuria of Rats Deprived of Food

et al. 1967

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Male and female rats void a greatly increased volume of dilute urine for the first 1 or 2 days of deprivation of food with water allowed. The polyuria is not dependent on an increase of water intake and occurs unless intake falls to about 5 g./day. The polyuria also occurs when food intake is restricted to 1/3 normal but not on restriction to 2/3. Almost 2/3 of the excess urine not attributable to increased water intake could be accounted for as water absorbed from diminishing gut contents; the remainder may be derived from depletion of other labile pools of body water. The volume of urine can be restored to control levels and the concentration partially restored by simultaneous deprivation of food and water or by treatment with 'Pitressin'. On more prolonged deprivation of food with water allowed, urine concentration approached control levels by day 4-6. On prolonged restriction of food, water turnover remained high and urine remained dilute for at least 6 days; concentration could be restored by 'Pitressin'. It is concluded that the dilute urine of food deprivation and restriction is the result of a self-imposed water diuresis. The high water turnover represents, by the criterion of the potential concentrating ability of the kidney, an inefficiency of water regulation.INFORMATION on the water exchange of rats deprived of food is sparse and inconsistent. Cumming and Morrison [1956, 1960] reported a marked and fairly consistent increase in urine volume of rats totally deprived of food for 48 hr. and little change in average intake of water but very variable individual changes. Dicker [1949] reported an abrupt decrease of urine volume; other reports [e.g. Mefferd and Hale, 1961;Nocenti and Cizek, 1964] give urine volume only at a later stage of deprivation or without control (fed) values. Bauman, Guyot-Jeannin and Dobrowolski [1964] reported the occurrence of a very dilute urine immediately after deprivation of food, but did not report urine volumes. Evidence or statements on water intake indicate, variously, little change, abrupt fall, slow decline or irregular decline of intake during deprivation of food [e.g. Cizek and Nocenti, 1965;Finger and Reid, 1952;LeMagnen, 1956;Nims and Sutton, 1954;Strominger, 1947] Water of Gut Contents. -The food and water intakes and urine volumes of forty-five ChR-CD rats were recorded; Eighteen rats were then killed after ad lib. feeding and eighteen after 24 hr. and nine after 48 hr. of deprivation of food. The gut contents were removed and weighed wet and dry, and faeces of the deprived animals were collected, dried and weighed. Faeces as collected are partly air dried; the water eliminated in fresh faeces was calculated as twice the dry weight of the faeces [Cumming and Morrison, 1960;Radford, 1959].All values are expressed as mean/rat ± standard error except when explicitly stated otherwise. RESULTSWater Exchange of Three Strains of Rat During Total Deprivation of Food for 2 Days Urine volume increased on 90 per cent of the occasions when food was withheld with water allowe...

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“…Hitchcock (1925) observed 71 white rats over a period of six months and calculated male activity as 56 per cent of that of the females. Finger (1951) found that females were 3^ times as active as males. It has also been discovered that female activity is cyclic, governed by the 4-day estrous cycle, the period of oestrum being correlated with maximum activity (Wang, 1923).…”

Section: Factors Influencing Activity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Richter (1922) found that the time of feeding the animals influenced their performance in activity wheels. More recently, Finger (1951) and Finger and Reid (1952) studied the separate effects of food and water deprivation on rats, both for 24-hour and 72-hour periods. A period of satiation, in which food or wa ter was always available, followed the deprivation period.…”

Section: Factors Influencing Activity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Volitional activity of inbred and hybrid mice as influenced by x-radiation

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The effect of water deprivation and subsequent satiation upon general activity in the rat.

Cited by 51 publications

References 1 publication

Vasopressin Increases Locomotion through a V1a Receptor in Orexin/Hypocretin Neurons: Implications for Water Homeostasis

Vasopressin Increases Locomotion through a V1a Receptor in Orexin/Hypocretin Neurons: Implications for Water Homeostasis

The Water Exchange and Polyuria of Rats Deprived of Food

Volitional activity of inbred and hybrid mice as influenced by x-radiation

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