The effect of viewing fitness imagery on body dissatisfaction: sex and physical activity differences

Rothwell, Conor J; Desmond, Deirdre

doi:10.1080/13548506.2018.1442009

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Indeed, attentional bias studies have demonstrated that there may be a judgment and memory bias about body shapes and satisfaction [20], with a possible role of cognitive biases in body weight dissatisfaction. More studies are needed to identify effective methods that can change the way physical comparison influences body dissatisfaction, or how cognitive bias can be improved [84][85][86]. For example, the "exposure with response prevention" is a cognitive-behavioral technique that has already demonstrated preliminary efficacy in modifying body evaluation with targeting interventions on ritualistic behaviors and thoughts due to physical comparison.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of sexual orientation in the relationships between body perception, body weight dissatisfaction, physical comparison, and eating psychopathology in the cisgender population

et al. 2020

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Purpose Body weight dissatisfaction (BWD) and visual body perception are specific aspects that can influence the own body image, and that can concur with the development or the maintenance of specific psychopathological dimensions of different psychiatric disorders. The sexual orientation is a fundamental but understudied aspect in this field, and, for this reason, the purpose of this study is to improve knowledge about the relationships among BWD, visual body size-perception, and sexual orientation. Methods A total of 1033 individuals participated in an online survey. Physical comparison, depression, and self-esteem was evaluated, as well as sexual orientation and the presence of an eating disorder. A Figure Rating Scale was used to assess different valences of body weight, and mediation analyses were performed to investigated specific relationships between psychological aspects. Results Bisexual women and gay men reported significantly higher BWD than other groups (p < 0.001); instead, higher body misperception was present in gay men (p = 0.001). Physical appearance comparison mediated the effect of sexual orientation in both BWD and perceptual distortion. No difference emerged between women with a history of eating disorders and without, as regards the value of body weight attributed to attractiveness, health, and presence on social media. Conclusion This study contributes to understanding the relationship between sexual orientations and body image representation and evaluation. Physical appearance comparisons should be considered as critical psychological factors that can improve and affect well-being. The impact on subjects with high levels of eating concerns is also discussed. Level of evidence Level III: case–control analytic study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of sexual orientation in the relationships between body perception, body weight dissatisfaction, physical comparison, and eating psychopathology in the cisgender population

et al. 2020

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“…Implicit measures in general are increasingly often applied in clinical contexts in order to assess cognitions of clinical patients [50, 51, 52, 53]. Whereas associative measures like the IAT have demonstrated utility in some contexts, mainstream cognitive theories of psychopathology frequently emphasise the role of discrepancies between the actual state of an individual, and their idealised/desired state, in the occurrence of psychological disorders and mental distress [54, 55, 56, 57]. In this sense, the use of associative indirect measurement procedures is not sufficient: the measurement of beliefs is required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An inkblot for beliefs: The Truth Misattribution Procedure

Cummins

Houwer

2019

PLoS ONE

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“…Implicit measures in general are increasingly often applied in clinical contexts in order to assess cognitions of clinical patients [50, 51,52,53]. Whereas associative measures like the IAT have demonstrated utility in some contexts, mainstream cognitive theories of psychopathology frequently emphasise the role of discrepancies between the actual state of an individual, and their idealised/desired state, in the occurrence of psychological disorders and mental distress [54,55,56,57]. In this sense, the use of associative indirect measurement procedures is not sufficient: the measurement of beliefs is required.…”

Section: Truth Misattribution Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Inkblot for Beliefs: The Truth Misattribution Procedure

Cummins¹,

Houwer²

2018

Preprint

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An increasing body of evidence shows the importance of accommodating relational information within implicit measures of psychological constructs. Whereas relational variants of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) have been proposed in the past, we put forward the Truth Misattribution Procedure (TMP) as a relational variant of the Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP) that aims to capture implicit beliefs. Across three experiments, we demonstrate that TMP effects are sensitive to the relational information contained within sentence primes, both in the context of causal stimulus relations of a known truth value (e.g., "smoking causes cancer" vs. "smoking prevents cancer") , as well as in the domain of gender stereotypes (e.g., "men are arrogant" vs. "men should be arrogant"). The potential benefits of the TMP are discussed. TRUTH MISATTRIBUTION PROCEDURE An Inkblot for Beliefs: The Truth Misattribution Procedure Indirect measurement procedures such as the Implicit Association Test (IAT) are widely used to assess the spontaneous (i.e., automatic) evaluation of stimuli as good or bad[1, 2]. Measurement outcomes that capture such spontaneous evaluations have been referred to as implicit measures of evaluation [3]. Consider the Implicit Association Test (IAT; [4]) as an example of an indirect measurement procedure. The IAT requires participants to quickly categorise target stimuli (e.g., Black and White faces) with valenced attribute stimuli (e.g., positive and negative words) across multiple blocks. Across blocks, the response assignments for these categorisations are varied, such that some blocks require a first response for white and good items and a second response for black and bad items, whereas other blocks require black-good and white-bad categorisations. If the outcome of this procedure is that participants can more quickly categorise White (Black) faces using the same response as positive (negative) words, then this is interpreted as participants showing a spontaneous preference for White faces over Black faces [5]. Another indirect measurement procedure, the Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP; [6]) is assumed to operate on the principle of misattribution. On each trial, participants are presented with a prime image of either (for example) a Black or White face, which is quickly followed by a Chinese character. Participants are required to evaluate the visual pleasantness of the Chinese character, while ignoring the prime image. In spite of these instructions, participants' evaluations of the Chinese characters are often influenced by the affective content of the primes that precede them [6, 7]. For example, if a person has a pro-White attitude, then they will be more likely to evaluate characters which follow White faces as positive, compared to when the characters follow Black faces [8]. AMP effects are thought to arise because the spontaneous evaluative reaction that is evoked by the prime stimulus (e.g., a White face) is misattributed to the Chinese character. Because both evaluation and misattribution ...

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The effect of viewing fitness imagery on body dissatisfaction: sex and physical activity differences

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

The role of sexual orientation in the relationships between body perception, body weight dissatisfaction, physical comparison, and eating psychopathology in the cisgender population

The role of sexual orientation in the relationships between body perception, body weight dissatisfaction, physical comparison, and eating psychopathology in the cisgender population

An inkblot for beliefs: The Truth Misattribution Procedure

An Inkblot for Beliefs: The Truth Misattribution Procedure

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