“…One of the primary reasons for the financial collapse of international banks is the lack of management's knowledge of correct accounting practices, failure to apply control and supervision rules, lack of experience and skill, and a lack of interest in adhering to accounting standards that ensure disclosure and transparency (Sakanga, V. I. et al, 2020). Additionally, accounting information often fails to reflect the true prevailing financial conditions of economic units due to various factors (Abdul Rahman, M. R. C. 2016; Rahma, N. et al, 2022). These include the lack of attention to accounting measurement models, tampering, fraud, accounting errors, hidden internal information, deception, and low ethics in the management of some professional organizations.…”