The effect of urban leaf area on summertime urban surface kinetic temperatures: A Terre Haute case study

Hardin, Perry J.; Jensen, Ryan R.

doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2007.01.005

Cited by 159 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Our stand-level LAI measurements obtained with an optical plant canopy analyzer were similar to those found in another urban study from Terre Haute, Indiana (Hardin and Jensen 2007). LAI values at our suburban study sites were also similar to, or slightly lower than, those observed in temperate and boreal forests with tree species similar to those in our study area (Chen et al 2006;Lindroth et al 2008).…”

Section: Seasonal Patterns Of Lai and Microclimate Variablessupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Previous studies have also found that vegetation cover and composition influence urban microclimate characteristics, such as air temperature, soil temperature, and surface temperature (Bonan 2000;Byrne et al 2008;Huang et al 2008). These ideas have been extended by several recent studies showing that the density of vegetation or LAI plays an important role in explaining the spatial variation in urban surface temperatures as well (Hardin and Jensen 2007;Jenerette et al 2007). LAI provides a measure of the total amount of leaf surface area that can exchange heat, water, and CO 2 with the atmosphere, whereas percent cover provides only a measure of the presence or absence of vegetation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Influence of seasonality and vegetation type on suburban microclimates

Peters

McFadden

2010

Urban Ecosyst

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Urbanization is responsible for some of the fastest rates of land-use change around the world, with important consequences for local, regional, and global climate. Vegetation, which represents a significant proportion of many urban and suburban landscapes, can modify climate by altering local exchanges of heat, water vapor, and CO 2 . To determine how distinct urban forest communities vary in their microclimate effects over time, we measured stand-level leaf area index, soil temperature, infrared surface temperature, and soil water content over a complete growing season at 29 sites representing the five most common vegetation types in a suburban neighborhood of Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota. We found that seasonal patterns of soil and surface temperatures were controlled more by differences in stand-level leaf area index and tree cover than by plant functional type. Across the growing season, sites with high leaf area index had soil temperatures that were 7°C lower and surface temperatures that were 6°C lower than sites with low leaf area index. Site differences in mid-season soil temperature and turfgrass ground cover were best explained by leaf area index, whereas differences in mid-season surface temperature were best explained by percent tree cover. The significant cooling effects of urban tree canopies on soil temperature imply that seasonal changes in leaf area index may also modulate CO 2 efflux from urban soils, a highly temperature-dependent process, and that this should be considered in calculations of total CO 2 efflux for urban carbon budgets. Field-based estimates of percent tree cover were found to better predict mid-season leaf area index than satellite-derived estimates and consequently offer an approach to scale up urban biophysical properties.

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Section: Seasonal Patterns Of Lai and Microclimate Variablessupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Influence of seasonality and vegetation type on suburban microclimates

Peters

McFadden

2010

Urban Ecosyst

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“…However, there are a few approaches to assess cooling effects for trees in urban sites (for example [8,9,[47][48][49]). In this study, the energy reduction in the shadow of the trees was calculated with different equations from the literature by using the cadastre and i-Tree Eco data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling Effects and Regulating Ecosystem Services Provided by Urban Trees—Novel Analysis Approaches Using Urban Tree Cadastre Data

2018

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Abstract:The provision of ecosystem services by urban trees is not yet routinely integrated in city administrations' planting scenarios because the quantification of these services is often time-consuming and expensive. Accounting for these welfare functions can enhance life quality for city dwellers. We present innovative approaches that may appeal to the numerous city administrations that keep tree inventory or cadastre databases of all trees growing on city property for civil law liability reasons. Mining these ubiquitous data can be a feasible alternative to field surveys and improve cost-benefit ratios for ecosystem service assessment. We present methods showing how data gaps (in particular tree height and crown light exposure) in the cadastre data can be filled to estimate ecosystem services with i-Tree Eco. Furthermore, we used the i-Tree Eco output for a noval approach which focus on predicting energy reduction as a proxy for cooling benefits provided by trees. The results for the total publicly owned and managed street trees in our study site of Duisburg (Germany) show that the most important ecosystem services are the removal of particulate matter by 16% of the city emissions and the reduction of 58% of the direct and thermal radiation in the effective range of the trees in the cadastre.

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“…Relationships between temperature and both property 108 and violent crimes 108 have been found. Increased tree canopy cover can mitigate the urban heat island effect, 109 and, as such, vegetation could play a role in the relationship between heat and crime.…”

Section: Urban Greening and Public Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nature-Based Strategies for Improving Urban Health and Safety

2015

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Place-based programs are being noticed as key opportunities to prevent disease and promote public health and safety for populations at-large. As one key type of place-based intervention, nature-based and green space strategies can play an especially large role in improving health and safety for dwellers in urban environments such as US legacy cities that lack nature and greenery. In this paper, we describe the current understanding of place-based influences on public health and safety. We focus on nonchemical environmental factors, many of which are related to urban abandonment and blight. We then review findings from studies of nature-based interventions regarding impacts on health, perceptions of safety, and crime. Based on our findings, we suggest that further research in this area will require (1) refined measures of green space, nature, and health and safety for cities, (2) interdisciplinary science and cross-sector policy collaboration, (3) observational studies as well as randomized controlled experiments and natural experiments using appropriate spatial counterfactuals and mixed methods, and (4) return-on-investment calculations of potential economic, social, and health costs and benefits of urban greening initiatives. KEYWORDS Urban nature, Green space, Place-based interventions, Public health, CrimeThere is growing support of place-based programs to help prevent disease and promote public health and safety. [1][2][3][4][5] This movement is largely motivated by increasing findings that public health interventions targeted at individuals or behaviors have limited effect on health and safety outcomes at a population scale. 6 For example, educational programs that promote behavioral change among very specific, targeted population groups may not impact broader societal issues such as the actual contexts within which unhealthy behaviors like tobacco use, lack of exercise, poor diet, distracted driving, and violence occur. 7-9 Moreover, programmatic impact is rarely sustained beyond the small study populations that are targeted. When funding ends, program impact thus also often ends unless, in very rare instances, the program itself somehow becomes institutionalized or part of a larger social norm.Place-based programs rest on increasing evidence that in addition to biological and individual attributes, everyday environments have a potentially strong and Kondo is with the USDA-Forest Service, Northern Research Station,

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The effect of urban leaf area on summertime urban surface kinetic temperatures: A Terre Haute case study

Cited by 159 publications

References 25 publications

Influence of seasonality and vegetation type on suburban microclimates

Influence of seasonality and vegetation type on suburban microclimates

Cooling Effects and Regulating Ecosystem Services Provided by Urban Trees—Novel Analysis Approaches Using Urban Tree Cadastre Data

Nature-Based Strategies for Improving Urban Health and Safety

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