The Effect of Unsteady Water Discharge through Dams of Hydroelectric Power Plants on Hydrodynamic Regimes of the Upper Pools of Waterworks

Abstract

The hydrological regimes of surface water bodies, as a rule, are unsteady. However, accounting for the non-stationarity substantially complicates the hydrodynamic calculations. Because of this, the scenario approach is traditionally used in the calculations. Characteristic scenarios are set with constant hydrological characteristics throughout the time covered in the calculations. This approach is fully justified if the characteristic time of the change in water flow rate is much longer than the calculation time. However, nowadays, tasks are becoming more and more urgent when accounting for flow variability during calculation period becomes crucial. First of all, such a problem arises when assessing the effect of non-stationary water discharge through hydroelectric power plant dams on the hydrodynamic regime of both the upper and lower pools of the reservoir. In the present paper, the effect of the intraday variability of the Kamskaya Hydroelectric Power Plant (Kamskaya HEPP) operation on the peculiarities of the hydrodynamic regimes of the near-dam part of the upper pool of the Kama reservoir is described. The importance of the problem is determined by the location of the main drinking water intake of Perm city and one of the largest thermal power plants (TPP) in Europe, Permskaya TPP, in this part of the reservoir. This TPP uses a direct-flow cooling system from the Kama reservoir, which is very sensitive to the peculiarities of the hydrodynamic regime of the reservoir. The computational experiments based on the combined hydrodynamic models in 2D/3D formulations have shown that the intraday oscillations of the discharge flow rate through the dam of the HEPP have a very significant effect on the hydrodynamic regime of the reservoir in the vicinity of the Permskaya TPP; therefore, these effects must be taken into account when minimizing the risks of thermal effluents entering the intake channel of the Permskaya TPP.

Peculiarities of Hydrodynamics of Small Surface Water Bodies in Zones of Active Technogenesis (on the Example of the Verkhne-Zyryansk Reservoir, Russia)

“…For this reason, a combined scheme was used in the present paper based on the coupling of the 2D and 3D hydrodynamic models. Previously, this was successfully used to solve a number of topical, applied problems [20,[31][32][33]38].…”

Вычислительный Эксперимент По Формированию Обратных Течений В Верхней Части Воткинского Водохранилища (Нижний Бьеф Камского Водохранилища)

“…Данный программный пакет SMS v.11.1 нами неоднократно использовался для решения самых актуальных задач, таких как оценка зон затопления, скоростного и уровенного режимов при добыче нерудных строительных материалов (в реках Вятка [1], Сылва [2], в водохранилищах Воткинское и Нижнекамское); распространение загрязнения (в реках Вятка [1], Амур [3],в водохранилищах Камское [4-7], Клязьминское [8,9], Учинское, Воткинское, Магнитогорское [10]); распространение теплового поля (Исетское водохранилище); изменение гидродинамики потока (слияние рек Чусовая и Сылва [11][12]); по защите берегов (р. Дон в районе г. Павловска [13]); транспорт наносов (р. Кама -г. Пермь [14]). Достаточно детальное описание рассматриваемого программного продукта и опыт его использования также приводится в работах [15,16].…”

The Influence of Intra-Day Non-Uniformity of Operation of Large Hydroelectric Powerplants on the Performance Stability of Water Intakes Located in Their Upper Pools

“…For the first time, the peculiarities of the structure of flows and hydrochemical fields formed in the upper pool of the Kamskaya hydroelectric complex were considered in the framework of computational experiments by [15]. The influence of non-uniformity of water discharge regime on the hydrodynamic regime of reservoirs was also studied by [17].…”

“…For the first time, the peculiarities of the structure of flows and hydrochemical fields formed in the upper pool of the Kamskaya hydroelectric complex were considered in the framework of computational experiments by [15]. The influence of non-uniformity of water discharge regime on the hydrodynamic regime of reservoirs was also studied by [17]. Significant sensitivity of water quality taken at the Chusovskoy water intake to the hydrodynamic regime of the upper pool of Kamskaya hydroelectric power station is due to the fact that (according to [15]) the hardness of water withdrawn during winter period is largely determined by the specific features of the confluence of the Chusovaya and Sylva rivers (Figure 1).…”