The Effect of Ultrasonic Scaling and Air-Powder Polishing on the Roughness of the Enamel, Three Different Nanocomposites, and Composite/Enamel and Composite/Cementum Interfaces

Abstract

We aimed to assess the effects of ultrasonic scaling and air-powder polishing on the roughness of enamel, three nanocomposites (Premise, Herculite Ultra, Harmonize), and composite/enamel and composite/cementum interfaces. Class V cavities were restored in 99 extracted third molars with one of the three nanocomposites and treated with ultrasonic scaler or air-powder polishing device (calcium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate powders). The roughness (Ra) of the investigated surfaces was measured with contact profilometer before and after treatment. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Specimens’ Ra values before instrumentation were near the clinically acceptable 0.2 μm threshold. All techniques increased the roughness of the tested surfaces; however, the enamel was slightly affected. The mean Ra values after prophylaxis for composite, composite/cementum and composite/enamel surfaces were 0.32–0.55, 1.33–1.73, and 1.25–1.36, respectively. The extent of composite surface damage was material dependent. Premise surface was not altered by ultrasonic scaling significantly. Air-powder polishing with both powders produced a greater increase in surface roughness of composite resin and restorations margins than ultrasonic scaling. The Ra values after both types of air polishing for Herculite Ultra and Harmonize were approximately 1.5 and 2 times higher, respectively, than those after ultrasonic scaling (p < 0.05).

Comparative evaluation of three nanofilled resin-based dental composites: Cytotoxicity, surface roughness, and flexural properties

“…It has been suggested that abrasive roughness size should be lower than the resin composite filler particles size to attain an acceptable surface in terms of smoothness. 28 Since the particle size of Diamondlite ranged from 0.8 to 2.0 μm, which was larger than that in the other two groups, it clarifies the DiamondLite smoother surface after sandpaper #80 polish.…”

The effect of periodontal prophylaxis procedures on the surface properties of tooth-colored restorative materials

“…Since FC resins have low filler and high monomer content, which allows these materials to flow, it is not surprising to discover that their physical properties exhibit lower values compared to CC [19]. In addition, the filler size (microhybrid) of IC can be responsible for its roughened surface by US, as composite materials differ in susceptibility to surface damage depending on the composition, shape, and size of the matrix and filler particles they contain [20].…”