The effect of two phosphodiesterase inhibitors on bone healing in mandibular fractures (animal study in rats)

Abstract

Objectives: Despite advances in maxillofacial surgery, impaired bone healing remains a concern for surgical teams. Many studies have evaluated the effects of sildenafil and pentoxifylline on bone healing. However, their effects on healing of bone fractures have not been well investigated. This study aimed to assess the effects of the phosphodiesterase inhibitors sildenafil and pentoxifylline on healing of mandibular fractures in rats. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 rats were randomly divided into six groups of 10. Mandibular fracture was induced in all rats. After the surgical procedure, group C1 received saline, group S1 received 10 mg/kg sildenafil and group P1 received 50 mg/kg pentoxifylline. The rats were sacrificed after 1 week. Groups C4, S4, and P4 received pharmaceutical therapy as in groups C1, S1, and P1 but were sacrificed after 4 weeks. The samples then underwent histological analysis. Results: The mean rate of bone healing of mandibular fractures in groups S1 and P1 was significantly higher than in group C1 at 1 week (P<0.001). The mean rate of bone healing of mandibular fractures in group P1 was higher than in group S1 at 1 week (P=0.04). The mean rate of bone healing of mandibular fractures in groups S4 (P=0.001) and P4 (P=0.004) was significantly higher than in group C4 at 4 weeks, but no significant difference was noted in the rate of healing between groups P4 and S4 (P=0.53). Conclusion: Sildenafil and pentoxifylline can be used as adjuncts to enhance bone healing in rats.

Effects of repeated intravenous doses of tranexamic acid on closed tibial fracture healing: Experimental study based on the rat model

“…The effects of drugs that affect bleeding and vascular permeability due to the hematoma stage in the inflammation period of fracture healing have been continuously investigated in the literature. Malekigorji et al 11 found that pentoxifylline and sildenafil (phosphodiesterase inhibitor), which are agents that increase vascular permeability, have a positive effect on bone healing in an experimental maxillofacial fracture model performed on rats. In an experimental study on nitric oxide, that increases vascular permeability, in a rat model, Diwan et al 12 They showed that fracture healing was delayed after nitric oxide inhibition.…”

Repurposing existing products to accelerate injury recovery (REPAIR) of military relevant musculoskeletal conditions

“…However, none of the existing pro-angiogenic factors have been successfully implemented within a clinical setting. Alternatively, therapies that increase perfusion through the endogenous vasculature may confer similar benefits as increased vascularization ( MalekiGorji et al, 2020 ). Existing approved drugs including (but are not limited to) sildenafil, tadalafil, nitroglycerin, epoprostenol, and iloprost have been shown to increase perfusion through vasodilation.…”

Long Noncoding RNA NORAD Promotes Fracture Healing through Interacting with Osteoblast Differentiation via Targeting miR‐26a

“…Fracture healing could be a complex and moderate status of recovery controlled by an assortment of cytokines and stimulants. Osteoblast and osteoclast formation, apoptosis rate, and maintenance play a key role in fracture healing [ 6 ]. If there are problems with the proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of osteoblasts, the balance between bone formation and bone resorption will destroy, thus, bone healing will fail [ 7 ].…”