The Effect of Trip Preview Prediction Signal Quality on Hybrid Vehicle Fuel Economy

Development Trends of Transmissions for Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using an Optimized Energy Management Strategy

“…Hannan et al [23] made a comprehensive review in the field of HEVs, concluding that existing technologies are capable of enabling good HEV performance, but that the reliability and "intelligence" of HEV systems are still somewhat inadequate. Cummings et al [24] investigated the effect of sensitivity for sensing and prediction in vehicle fuel economy improvements. Morais et al [25] presented distributed energy resource management using plug-in HEVs as a fuel-shifting demand response resource, which scheduled the EV's charging and discharging processes to avoiding network congestion.…”

An Optimal Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

“…The GOC can be obtained using DP. The main challenge for implementing GOC is acquiring advanced knowledge of the whole drive-cycle or Driver's Demanded Power P D (t) [24]. In addition, given P D , finding the optimal solution requires intensive calculation, which is time-consuming.…”

“…In addition, given P D , finding the optimal solution requires intensive calculation, which is time-consuming. However, assuming the problem of computational time can be resolved by a powerful on-board computational processor, the uncertainty on the predicted P D still affects the expected optimal fuel economy [24].…”

“…In addition, unlike GOC, model predictive control is based on short term P D (t) prediction. Therefore, the effect of prediction uncertainty on MPC is less severe in comparison with GOC [24]. However, like GOC, MPC suffers from model uncertainty.…”

“…In fact, since PMP generally yields a two point boundary value problem, the numerical solution requires an iterative approach with full knowledge of P D (t) over the whole drive-cycle. For real-time applications, such advance knowledge of P D (t) either is not available, or is subject to uncertainty [24] [26]. Therefore, many approaches have been proposed to estimate the optimal trajectory of the ECMS equivalent factor, λ * , for causal systems [10][11] [12][13] [23] .…”