The effect of trial-to-trial feedback on the error-related negativity and its relationship with anxiety

Olvet, Doreen M.; Hajcak, Greg

doi:10.3758/cabn.9.4.427

Cited by 81 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This discrepancy could Performance monitoring and anxiety be explained by the use of salient evaluative feedback in this study (i.e., emotional faces), which may have introduced a strong bias towards the monitoring of these external evaluative feedback at the cost of more internally-oriented monitoring processes. Interestingly, in this condition, effects of trait anxiety on internal monitoring brain processes (i.e., ERN component) seem to disappear, in line with previous ERP results (Olvet & Hajcak, 2009). …”

Section: Selective Alteration Of Performance Monitoring In Anxietysupporting

confidence: 90%

Anxiety disrupts the evaluative component of performance monitoring: An ERP study

Aarts

Pourtois

2012

Neuropsychologia

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Thirty low and 30 high anxious participants performed a speeded Go/noGo task during which they had to rely on evaluative feedback to infer whether their actions were timely (correct) or not. We focused on FRN, an ERP component that is sensitive to the valence of feedback.Depending on the context, neutral faces served either as positive or negative feedback.Whereas the FRN of low anxious individuals did discriminate between neutral faces when used either as positive or negative feedback, the FRN of high anxious individuals did not.However, before the FRN, we also found evidence for a differential perceptual effect at the level of the N170 face-specific component between the two feedback conditions, equally so in low and high anxious individuals. These results suggest that anxiety disrupts selectively the evaluative component of performance monitoring, which presumably allows to ascribe a given value (either positive or negative) to actions.Keywords: Anxiety, ERP, FRN, N170, attribution 3 Performance monitoring and anxiety Anxiety disrupts selectively the evaluative component of performance monitoring: An ERP study Depending on the situation and circumstances, the control of behavior is based on the monitoring of either internal or external signals, or sometimes a combination of both. For example, the adequacy of a given action in response to a familiar stimulus may be determined based on an internal representation allowing to compare the discrepancy between the actual and expected or desired action, with a swift detection of any divergence between the two (Gehring et al., 1993). However, in many situations, performance monitoring cannot be achieved solely based on the processing of internal signals, but the processing of new external feedback information in the environment is required to establish whether the current action is appropriate (e.g., timely, correct) or not. Hence, the processing of feedback information available in the environment often indicates the appropriateness of certain actions and in turn allows to correct or adjust behavior if required, eventually leading to learning and preventing errors from recurring in the future (Holroyd & Coles, 2002;Rabbitt, 1966).Several ERP studies looking at outcome evaluation processes based on external feedback have described an ERP component, the feedback-related negativity (FRN) that is selectively associated with the processing of the valence or motivational significance of the feedback (Gehring & Willoughby, 2002;Holroyd & Coles, 2002;Miltner et al., 1997). The FRN is a negative component peaking at fronto-central electrodes roughly 250-300 ms after presentation of relevant feedback information. Usually, the FRN was found to be larger after negative feedback on task performance, e.g., the presentation of an evaluation signal indicating error commission or monetary loss, compared to positive feedback, e.g., the presentation of an evaluation signal indicating correct performance or monetary reward anxiety, which is usually related to depression (Beck et...

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Section: Selective Alteration Of Performance Monitoring In Anxietysupporting

confidence: 90%

Anxiety disrupts the evaluative component of performance monitoring: An ERP study

Aarts

Pourtois

2012

Neuropsychologia

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“…Moreover, clinical studies have pointed to an increased dACC activity in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder during response conflicts (Maltby, Tolin, Worhunsky, O'Keefe, & Kiehl, 2005;Ursu, Stenger, Shear, Jones, & Carter, 2003) and in generalized anxiety disorder patients during states of worry (Paulesu et al, 2010). In addition to these f MRI findings, several ERP studies have reported an increased error-related negativity (ERN) in highly anxious subjects (Boksem, Tops, Wester, Meijman, & Lorist, 2006;Hajcak, McDonald, & Simons, 2003;Ladouceur, Dahl, Birmaher, Axelson, & Ryan, 2006;Olvet & Hajcak, 2009). The ERN also reflects processes of performance monitoring and is probably generated by the dACC (Dehaene, Posner, & Tucker, 1994;Gehring, Goss, Coles, Meyer, & Donchin, 1993).…”

Section: N400mentioning

confidence: 97%

Trait anxiety and dynamic adjustments in conflict processing

Osinsky

Alexander

Gebhardt

et al. 2010

Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…Goldberg & Fawcett, 2012) which may abolish FRN sensitivity to feedback valence (Aarts & Pourtois, 2012) and increase ERN amplitudes (Hajcak, McDonald & Simons, 2003;Santesso, Segalowitz, & Schmidt, 2006;Weinberg, Klein & Hajcak, 2012). However, anxiety does not seem to affect the ERN (Olvet & Hajcak, 2009) or FRN (Grundler, Cavanagh, Figueroa, Frank, & Allen, 2009) when trial-to-trial feedback is given. The reassurance provided by continuous feedback might reduce the necessity for hyperactive performance monitoring in anxious individuals (Nieuwenhuis, Nielen, Mol, Hajcak, & Veltman, 2005).…”

Section: Overall Attenuated Frn Amplitudes In Patients With Mddmentioning

confidence: 98%

Performance monitoring and empathy during active and observational learning in patients with major depression

Thoma

Norra

Juckel

et al. 2015

Biological Psychology

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The effect of trial-to-trial feedback on the error-related negativity and its relationship with anxiety

Cited by 81 publications

References 56 publications

Anxiety disrupts the evaluative component of performance monitoring: An ERP study

Anxiety disrupts the evaluative component of performance monitoring: An ERP study

Trait anxiety and dynamic adjustments in conflict processing

Performance monitoring and empathy during active and observational learning in patients with major depression

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