“…External social responsibility is considered as one of those business practices that have good impact on public and can be observed by customers (Calveras, 2013). In addition, external CSR refers to GSR activities steered outside an organization, such as activities directed to local community, customers, partners, suppliers, and public agencies (Albuhisi and Abdallah, 2018;Saleh et al, 2017;Al-bdour et al, 2010).…”