The effect of torrefaction and ZSM-5 catalyst for hydrocarbon rich bio-oil production from co-pyrolysis of cellulose and low density polyethylene via microwave-assisted heating

Bu, Qian; Cao, Mengjie; Mei, Wang; Zhang, Xiaodong; Mao, Hanping

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142174

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This is because the heating rates generating bigger heat flux are able to decompose the outer polymer layers, then penetrate to the layers below and decompose the complex organic molecules of the inner layers into methane and carboxylic acid residue compounds [19,20,36]. In case of ZSM-5/MFPW samples, the same functional groups were observed in these samples even when ZSM-5 concentration was increased, however, the absorbance of -CH 2 -bending and methane increased significantly, especially at the highest concentration of catalyst (50 wt.%) and heating rates (25 and 30 • C/min), because the unstable hydrocarbons were combined together in the polyolefins to form bigger number of flammable compounds and oil [37,38]. On the other hand, FITR 3D spectra show that the thermo-chemical reaction became very smooth and majority of disturbance peaks disappeared with increase in the heating rate of the reaction and concentration of catalyst, hence indicating that the entire plastic layers had decomposed thermally into volatile products.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis Of the Obtained Volatile Productsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Catalytic Pyrolysis Kinetic Behavior and TG-FTIR-GC–MS Analysis of Metallized Food Packaging Plastics with Different Concentrations of ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalyst

et al. 2021

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Recently, the pyrolysis process has been adapted as a sustainable strategy to convert metallized food packaging plastics waste (MFPW) into energy products (paraffin wax, biogas, and carbon black particles) and to recover aluminum. Usually, catalysts are used in pyrolysis treatment to refine pyrolysis products and to increase their yield. In order to study the effect of a catalyst on the formulated volatile products, this work aims to study the pyrolysis behavior of MFPW in presence of catalyst, using TG-FTIR-GC–MS system. The pyrolysis experiments were conducted with ZSM-5 Zeolite catalyst with different concentrations (10, 30, and 50 wt.%) at different heating rates (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C/min). In addition, TG-FTIR system and GC-MS unit were used to observe and analyze the thermal and chemical degradation of the obtained volatile compounds at maximum decomposition peaks. In addition, the kinetic results of catalytic pyrolysis of ZSM-5/MFPW samples matched when model-free methods, a distributed activation energy model (DAEM), and an independent parallel reaction kinetic model (IPR) were used. The TGA-DTG results showed that addition of a catalyst did not have a significant effect on the features of the TGA-DTG curves with similar weight loss of 87–90 wt.% (without taking the weight of the catalyst into account). Meanwhile, FTIR results manifested strong presence of methane and high-intensity functional group of carboxylic acid residues, especially at high concentration of ZSM-5 and high heating rates. Likewise, GC-MS measurements showed that Benzene, Toluene, Hexane, p-Xylene, etc. compounds (main flammable liquid compounds in petroleum oil) generated catalysts exceeding 50%. Finally, pyrolysis kinetics showed that the whole activation energies of catalytic pyrolysis process of MFPW were estimated at 289 kJ/mol and 110, 350, and 174 kJ/mol for ZSM-5/MFPW samples (10, 30, and 50 wt.%, respectively), whereas DAEM and IPR approaches succeeded to simulate TGA and DTG profiles with deviations below <1.

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Section: Chemical Analysis Of the Obtained Volatile Productsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Catalytic Pyrolysis Kinetic Behavior and TG-FTIR-GC–MS Analysis of Metallized Food Packaging Plastics with Different Concentrations of ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalyst

et al. 2021

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“…The interface temperature and ion source temperature of the GC/MS were set to 280 °C and 230 °C, respectively, and the mass spectrum range was 35–500 m/z. The chromatographic peak was determined by comparison with spectra in the NIST11 spectral library, the F-Search PY-1110E-181 spectral library, and previous data [ 19 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. The chromatographic peak area of each compound in the Py-GC/MS pyrolysis products was proportional to its concentration.…”

Section: Experimental Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Pyrolysis of Cellulose and the Effect of a Catalyst on Product Distribution

Sun

Zhang

Yang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Fast pyrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose (MC) was carried out by pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The effects of temperature, time, and a catalyst on the distribution of the pyrolysis products were analyzed. The reaction temperature and time can significantly affect the types and yields of compounds produced by cellulose pyrolysis. A pyrolysis temperature of 500–600 °C and pyrolysis time of 20 s optimized the yield of volatile liquid in the pyrolysis products of cellulose. In all catalytic experiments, the relative contents of alcohols (1.97%), acids (2.32%), and esters (4.52%) were highest when K2SO4 was used as a catalyst. HZSM-5 promoted the production of carbohydrates (92.35%) and hydrocarbons (2.20%), while it inhibited the production of aldehydes (0.30%) and ketones (1.80%). MCM-41 had an obvious catalytic effect on cellulose, increasing the contents of aldehydes (41.58%), ketones (24.51%), phenols (1.82%), furans (8.90%), and N-compounds (12.40%) and decreasing those of carbohydrates (5.38%) and alcohols (0%).

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“…The stable fivemembered ring structure and high silicon-aluminum ratio determine its high thermal stability. [49] HZSM-5 is an H-type molecular sieve obtained by ZSM-5 after repeated ammonium ion exchange treatment. [38] ZSM-5 and HZSM-5 molecular sieves have the characteristics of unique shape selection, good hydrothermal stability, acid resistance and strong carbon deposition resistance.…”

Section: Zsm-5 and Hzsm-5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress on catalytic pyrolysis and reuse of waste plastics and petroleum sludge

Pan¹,

Su²,

Liu³

et al. 2021

ES Mater. Manuf.

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Waste plastics (e.g., polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene) and petroleum sludge (i.e., main residual from the petroleum industry) pose a severe threat to the environment and human health. These materials are basically nonbiodegradable, and it is difficult to realize the recycling of them and resources via traditional treatment methods. Catalytic pyrolysis as a new recycling treatment method has the characteristics of high efficiency, environmentally benign, no secondary pollution and high product utilization value. This paper mainly reviews the research progress of catalysts used in the catalytic pyrolysis of waste plastics and petroleum sludge. They include molecular sieves, transition metals, metal oxides, clays and activated carbons used for the recycling of plastic, and molecular sieves and M-series catalyst (M=Al, Fe, Ca, Na, K) for treating petroleum sludge. The mechanism of catalytic pyrolysis is also elucidated in this paper. In addition, the challenges faced by catalytic pyrolysis of waste polymers and the future development prospects are also presented.

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The effect of torrefaction and ZSM-5 catalyst for hydrocarbon rich bio-oil production from co-pyrolysis of cellulose and low density polyethylene via microwave-assisted heating

Cited by 26 publications

References 46 publications

Catalytic Pyrolysis Kinetic Behavior and TG-FTIR-GC–MS Analysis of Metallized Food Packaging Plastics with Different Concentrations of ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalyst

Catalytic Pyrolysis Kinetic Behavior and TG-FTIR-GC–MS Analysis of Metallized Food Packaging Plastics with Different Concentrations of ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalyst

Fast Pyrolysis of Cellulose and the Effect of a Catalyst on Product Distribution

Research progress on catalytic pyrolysis and reuse of waste plastics and petroleum sludge

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