The effect of toe angle on tendon, ligament and hoof wall strains in vitro

Thompson, Kent N.; Cheung, Tak K.; Silverman, Melvin

doi:10.1016/s0737-0806(07)80397-2

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Other studies have reported a change in distribution of forces on the hoof wall, with changes in hoof angles insinuating increased stress on the dorsal hoof wall with a lower angle, but did not include data documenting decreased strain [42,51]. Although many of the models are derived from ex vivo measurements [42,49,51], findings from these studies suggest, at least in part, that hoof shape and size may play a role in laminar function and failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Varying hoof angles may also produce areas of greater hoof wall strain, thereby increasing the likelihood of laminar failure. However, conflicting results concerning dorsal laminar hoof wall strain have been reported, with some studies reporting decreased strain with increasing hoof angle through wedging of the heel [47,48], whereas other studies have found no difference in dorsal laminar hoof wall strain [49] or weightbearing in the toe region following application of a heel wedge [50]. Other studies have reported a change in distribution of forces on the hoof wall, with changes in hoof angles insinuating increased stress on the dorsal hoof wall with a lower angle, but did not include data documenting decreased strain [42,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hindlimb laminar inflammatory response is similar to that present in forelimbs after carbohydrate overload in horses

Leise

Faleiros

Watts

et al. 2011

Equine Veterinary Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryReasons for performing study: A significant proinflammatory response is known to occur in the forelimb lamina after carbohydrate administration. As the hindlimbs are often less affected by laminitis compared with the forelimbs, we assessed hindlimb inflammatory response in the early stages of carbohydrate-induced laminitis to determine whether differences in the response existed. Objective: To determine whether a similar proinflammatory response occurs in the hindlimb laminae to that previously reported for the forelimb. Methods: Archived laminar samples from 12 horses administered 17.6 g of starch (85% corn starch, 15% wood flour)/kg bwt via nasogastric tube that were anaesthetised either after developing a temperature >38.9°C (DEV; n = 6) or at the onset of Obel grade 1 lameness (OG1; n = 6) were used in addition to 6 control horses (CON) that were anaesthetised 24 h after administration of water. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for selected proinflammatory mediators and MAC387 immunohistochemistry were performed. The data were analysed nonparametrically to compare groups. Results: Increases in laminar MAC387-positive leucocytes and laminar messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) concentrations (P<0.05) for interleukin-1b, interleukin-6, cyclo-oxygenase-2, chemokine (C-X-C motif)ligand (CXCL)1 and CXCL8 were present in both fore-and hindlimb laminae from horses with OG1 lameness. Both CXCL1 and CXCL8 were also increased in forelimb and hindlimb laminae in the DEV horses. Conclusions: Administration of carbohydrate resulted in a similar inflammatory response in the hindlimb laminae to that previously reported for the forelimb laminae. These findings suggest that other factors, such as weightbearing, may play an important role in the development of laminitis after a systemic inflammatory condition develops. Potential relevance: Evidence of inflammation in the hindlimb laminae suggests that the hindfeet should be addressed in the septic horse at risk for laminitis; however, laminitis is often less severe in the hindlimbs due to other factors, such as weightbearing and hoof angle.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hindlimb laminar inflammatory response is similar to that present in forelimbs after carbohydrate overload in horses

Leise

Faleiros

Watts

et al. 2011

Equine Veterinary Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A second effect of the Huskamp cast, in addition to load transfer to the palmar hoof structures, is a decrease in the pull of the DDFT caused by heel elevation. Forces of the DDFT are dependent on the distal interphalangeal (coffin) joint angle and can be significantly reduced by heel wedges 10,13,26 . Similar to the hoof cast, shoes with 10–18° wedges 9 or clogs with wedges (Dallmer, Salzhausen‐Putensen, Germany) are used to achieve this reduction in pull of the DDFT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 This decreases the flexion moment provided by the DDFT reducing the pull of the DDFT and decreasing tensile stress in the dorsal lamellae. 7,9,13 A hoof cast described by Huskamp 14 combined heel elevation with support of the frog, bar, and crus of the sole. The hoof cast has a palmar wedge ( Fig 1A) that shifts the point of the force applied to the quarter and frog slightly palmar of the DIP rotation center with the intent of relieving the dorsal wall and reducing tensile forces from the DDFT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%