The Effect of Thymus vulgaris L. Hydrolate Solutions on the Seed Germination, Seedling Length, and Oxidative Stress of Some Cultivated and Weed Species

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the hydrolates obtained as the by-products of the Thymus vulgaris essential oil steam distillation process. The bioassays, which were undertaken in order to determine the effect on germination and initial growth of seedlings of some cultivated and weed species, were performed under controlled conditions with different concentrations of the hydrolates. Seeds of Glycine max, Helianthus annuus, Zea mays, Triticum aestivum, Daucus carota subsp. sativus, Allium cepa, Medicago sativa, and Trifolium repens, and six weed species—Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium album, Portulaca oleracea, Echinochloa crus-galli, Sorghum halepense, and Solanum nigrum—were treated with 10, 20, 50, and 100% T. vulgaris hydrolate solution. The obtained results showed that the T. vulgaris hydrolate had the least negative effect on the germination of cultivated species, such as soybean, sunflower and maize, whereas clover and alfalfa were the most sensitive. By comparison, all the tested weed species expressed high susceptibility. It can be concluded that the T. vulgaris hydrolate has an herbicidal effect, in addition to its potential as a biopesticide in terms of integrated weed management.

Multistep Approach Points to Compounds Responsible for the Biological Activity and Safety of Hydrolates from Nine Lamiaceae Medicinal Plants on Human Skin Fibroblasts

“…A list of identified chemical components in the hydrolates used in this study is shown in Table 1. Some dominant compounds of the nine selected hydrolates were already reported, such as T. vulgaris hydrolate (TV) with thymol (73.6%), which is the same as the extent in the study of Konstantinović et al [51]; in SS hydrolate, linalool (63.3%) and α-terpineol (26.8%) were reported in the study of Aćimović et al [16]. In addition, the main component in SM hydrolate was carvacrol (96.4%) [52], while in LI hydrolate, it was linalool (26.0%), borneol (24.4%), 1,8-cineole (12.7%), and terpinen-4-ol (12.2%) [15].…”

Potencial Alelopático De Extrato Aquoso Foliar De Passiflora Edulis Var. Flavicarpa Degener Em Lactuca Sativa L.

“…A manifestação dos aleloquímicos pode influenciar a germinação, mas seus efeitos são mais notáveis no crescimento radicular, conforme observado por outros pesquisadores (BALIČEVIĆ et al, 2014;KONSTANTINOVIĆ et al, 2014).…”

Exploring (Un)Covered Potentials of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Essential Oil and Hydrolate: From Chemical Characterization to Biological Activities

“…26,27,28,29 Additionally, hydrolates have potential applications in organic agriculture as biopesticides. 30,31 The purpose of this research was to characterize volatile organic compounds from essential oil and hydrolate obtained by steam distillation of dry plant material of industrial hemp cultivar "Helena" (low THC content). In vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activity testing was also conducted to find additional value for these products.…”