The Effect of Thermal Gas Motion on Microbalance Measurements

Introduction and Microbalance Review

“…This was reported in 1957 [131], 1962 [137 ,138], 1965 [42], and again in 1967 [2211. The general subject of thermal gas motion has also been 'reviewed in detail [199] , mentioned in other recent review articles (31)(32)(33), and examined both theoretically [222] and experimentally [223] .…”

“…Several workers have studied this problem in varying detail. Robens summarized the available literature through 1970 in an excellent review article on thermal e:as motion (199]. Thomas and Williams (42] noted effects of convection at 13.3 kPa and at temperatures below 0°C.…”

“…12, the effect of convection currents is to decrease the precision of the measurements. Automatic operation, some form of eddy current dar.1ping, the use of baffles [199] , or all three significantly decrease the annoyance of convection currents. The lowest pressure where convection currents become noticeable depends on the temperature, geometry, and the gas in the system [42,131].…”

Thermodynamic quantities and oxygen nonstoichiometry of undoped BaTiO3− by thermogravimetric analysis

“…2. Spurious weight changes caused by the thermal convection flow within the reactor are mainly ascribed to the temperature difference along the hang-down wire [14]. To minimize the thermal convection flow reaching the specimen and causing some disturbance to the specimen, a homemade reflector was designed.…”