The Effect of Theophylline With Ethylenediamine (Aminophylline) and Caffeine on Cerebral Hemodynamics and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure in Patients With Hypertensive Headaches

Moyer, John H.; Tashnek, Arthur B.; Miller, Sam I.; Snyder, Harvey; Bowman, Russell O.

doi:10.1097/00000441-195210000-00002

Cited by 66 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The intravenous infusion of 500 mg of ami-as per cent of the ventilation increment that each nophylline is reported to decrease cerebral blood subject attained on the appropriate gas mixture flow by 25 to 35 per cent (22)(23)(24). As shown in after 6 minutes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Tourniquet Hyperpnea and Its Modification by Agents Which Alter Cerebral Blood Flow*

Ross¹,

Hickam²,

Frayser³

1962

J. Clin. Invest.

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When CO2 is added to the inspired gas of a normal resting subject, the PCO2 of arterial blood rises quickly, but the ventilation rate increases gradually. The lag of ventilation behind change in arterial Pco2 has been ascribed to the time required for the tissues of the respiratory center to come into balance with the altered Pco2 of the perfusing blood (1-3). The response of ventilation to change in arterial Po2 is more prompt, presumably because the peripheral chemoreceptors are more richly perfused (2, 4-7). These relationships have been well established, but there is little information about factors which can affect the rate at which ventilation responds to a bloodborne stimulus.It is possible to produce an abrupt increase in arterial Pco2, as well as other arterial blood changes, by releasing tourniquets which have occluded blood flow through the legs for several minutes (8)(9)(10)(11). A few seconds after the rise in arterial PCO2 begins, there is an abrupt increase in ventilation rate (Figure 1). It is found that the time of onset and the magnitude of this ventilation increase can be markedly altered by a variety of procedures which also have the common property of changing the rate of cerebral blood flow. It is, however, difficult to explain all of the observations satisfactorily in terms of our present understanding of the control of ventilation. It is the purpose of this report to present data on the production and modification of tourniquet hyperpnea with particular reference to apparent variations in the stimulus-response time of ventilation, and to speculate on the meaning of these data.* This work was supported by Research Grant H-4080 from the National Heart Institute, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service. This work was presented in part at the Cardiovascular Section of the Joint Sessions of the American Society for Clinical Investigation and the American Federation for Clinical Research, Atlantic City, N. J., May, 1959. METHODSThe subj ects were untrained normal male medical students with an age range of 21 to 31 years. They were not fasting and came to the experiment directly from their work.In outline, the technique consisted of occluding circulation to the legs for 15 minutes by applying arterial tourniquets to the thighs and then releasing the tourniquets suddenly while the subj ect was breathing into a recording spirometer. Multiple arterial blood samples were withdrawn from an indwelling brachial artery needle before and after tourniquet release for analysis of the pH, CO2, and 02 changes produced by this procedure.In detail, the experimental procedure was as follows. The subj ect was placed in the supine position and a Cournand needle was inserted into a brachial artery. The needle was attached by plastic tubing to a manifold with a series of three-way stopcocks to which syringes were attached for rapid withdrawal of small blood samples. Wrap-around blood pressure cuffs, 8 inches in width, were placed on the upper thighs. The cuffs were inflated rapidly to a pressure ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Tourniquet Hyperpnea and Its Modification by Agents Which Alter Cerebral Blood Flow*

Ross¹,

Hickam²,

Frayser³

1962

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Caffeine, often thought to be the most commonly used psychotropic agent is a well-known cerebral vasoconstrictor. [1][2][3][4] Oral ingestion of moderate doses of the drug (250 mg.) has been found to produce significant reductions in cerebral blood flow. 5 It is consumed in beverages such as coffee, tea and colas, in food substances containing chocolate and several non-prescription remedies for headache and cold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caffeine Consumption, Withdrawal and Cerebral Blood Flow

Mathew

Wilson

1985

Headache

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SYNOPSISRegional cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements were conducted under resting conditions and after twenty-four hours of caffeine abstinence in groups of high and low caffeine users. CBF was also measured thirty minutes after the oral administration of 250 rag. of caffeine in the high caffeine users and after a placebo in the low caffeine users. Caffeine administration was associated with significant CBF reduction and caffeine abstinence with significant frontal flow increases in the high caffeine group. The low caffeine group showed no differences between the resting, post-placebo and post-caffeine abstinence CBF values. (Headache 25:305-309, 1985)

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“…However, since theophylline is a unique drug in terms of causing convulsions, the seizure episodes we observed are likely to be related to theophylline toxicity. Theophylline is known to stimulate the central nervous system and to cause a marked increase in cerebrovascular resistance, with accompanying decreases in cerebral blood flow and in the oxygen tension of the brain (Wechsler et al 1950;Moyer et al 1952). Then, brain tissue anoxia due to the pharmacological effects of the theophylline on the central nervous system (CNS) may contribute to the unexplained convulsions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Permanent brain damage possibly caused by theophylline in two elderly patients with airway obstruction.

Sekizawa

Aikawa

Yanai

et al. 1990

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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The Effect of Theophylline With Ethylenediamine (Aminophylline) and Caffeine on Cerebral Hemodynamics and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure in Patients With Hypertensive Headaches

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Tourniquet Hyperpnea and Its Modification by Agents Which Alter Cerebral Blood Flow*

Tourniquet Hyperpnea and Its Modification by Agents Which Alter Cerebral Blood Flow*

Caffeine Consumption, Withdrawal and Cerebral Blood Flow

Permanent brain damage possibly caused by theophylline in two elderly patients with airway obstruction.

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