The Effect of the ZrO2 Loading in SiO2@ZrO2-CaO Catalysts for Transesterification Reaction

Salinas, Daniela; Guerrero, Sichem; Campos, Cristian H.; Bustamante, Tatiana M.; Pecchi, Gina

doi:10.3390/ma13010221

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Metal oxide/metal oxide or mixed metal oxide nanocomposite‐based catalysts such as ZnO/CaO, CaO/TiO 2 , ZnO/CuO, CaO/TiO 2 , CaO/MgO, etc. were also reported for the conversion of oils into biodiesel fuels 72–76. Marso et al.…”

Section: Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Composite Materials As N...mentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Composite Materials As N...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metal oxide/metal oxide or mixed metal oxide nanocompositebased catalysts such as ZnO/CaO, CaO/TiO 2 , ZnO/CuO, CaO/TiO 2 , CaO/MgO, etc. were also reported for the conversion of oils into biodiesel fuels [72][73][74][75][76]. Marso et al [72] studied the precipitation-based synthesis, characterization, and applications of ZnO/CuO catalyst in the transesterification of coconut oil.…”

Section: Metal Oxide/metal Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the conversion of vegetable oils or other triglycerides to biodiesel, nanocatalysts such as silica coated metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, and metal/metal oxides contribute significantly. Some common examples of silica decorated nanocatalysts are Na-SiO 2 /CeO 2 , SiO 2 /ZrO 2 -CaO, and CaO-SiO 2 [76,[78][79][80]. Salinas et al [76] studied the synthesis of spherical SiO 2 /ZrO 2 -CaO structures using Stober and sol-gel methods and characterized them by the help of TEM, XRD, and FTIR methods.…”

Section: Metal Oxide/silica-based Nanocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Metal Oxide‐based Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production: A Review

et al. 2023

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The demand for renewable fuels has risen as a result of increasing human population, urbanization, industrialization, and transport systems. Biodiesel production using metal oxide-based heterogeneous catalysts is an efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly approach. Because of their recovery, reusability, and consistency, heterogeneous catalysts may be preferable to homogeneous catalysts. Since the last few decades, the metal oxides of alkali earth and transition metals and their composite materials have been used as nanocatalysts in the production of biodiesel fuel. Utilization of inorganic metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) and their composite materials in producing biodiesel has gained increased attention because of their advanced physical and chemical characteristics. In this review, the applicability of metal oxides and their nanocomposite-based catalysts in biodiesel production, transesterification reactions with nanocatalytic systems, and the important parameters that affect these reactions are discussed.

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Section: Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Composite Materials As N...mentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Composite Materials As N...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metal Oxide/metal Oxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metal Oxide/silica-based Nanocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Metal Oxide‐based Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production: A Review

et al. 2023

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“…Moreover, 15% Zr/CaO calcined at 800 • C showed the highest basicity and activity in the transesterification reaction. There have been many other similar studies on binary and ternary systems, including TiO 2 -ZrO 2 [33,34], CuO-TiO 2 [35], ZrO 2 -CaO [36], and CaO-TiO 2 [37], aimed at improving the activity of metal oxide using synergetic properties from oxides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and Optimisation of the Sol-Gel Conditions for Synthesis of Semi-Hexagonal Titania-Based Nano-Catalyst for Esterification Reaction

et al. 2022

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Design and fabrication of a catalyst with the highest activity can be achieved by optimising the synthesis conditions. In this study, the sol-gel synthesis conditions of citric acid concentration, gelling temperature, complex time, and calcination temperature were studied for the preparation of a novel semi-hexagonal calcium/titania-zirconia nano-catalyst used in the esterification reaction. After synthesis of around 24 samples at various conditions, their activity was tested in the esterification reaction and the results were analysed by multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and support vector machine (SVM) models. Both models predicted the actual data with high coefficients of determination, and indicated that the calcination temperature has the most influence on the activity of the prepared semi-hexagonal calcium/titania-zirconia nano-catalyst for the esterification reaction. Moreover, the genetic algorithm (GA) was utilised for optimising the preparation conditions based on the SVM model, due to its higher generalisation capability for prediction. The prepared nano-catalysts under the optimum conditions of 1.42 acid ratio, gelling temperature of 72 °C, complex time of 2.65 h, and calcination temperature of 487 °C showed good crystalline structure and metal–metal and metal–oxygen cation bonding. Finally, the fabricated catalyst had a high surface area (276.5 m2/g) with 3.5 nm pore diameter and almost uniform particle size (80–110 nm) distribution, leading to a high conversion of 97.6% in the esterification reaction, with good catalytic stability up to five times.

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Zirconia–sugarcane bagasse fly ash as a novel solid acid nanocatalyst for selective dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether

Abd El‐Aal,

Goda,

Abd El‐Wahab

et al. 2024

J Chinese Chemical Soc

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In the current study, two series of catalysts were synthesized and characterized by various physicochemical techniques. In the first series of catalysts, a chemical precipitation method was used for loading 1–20 wt. % ZrO2 on the surface of sugarcane bagasse fly ash (SCBFA) with the goal of finding out the optimal ZrO2 loading. In the second series, the 20% ZrO2/SCBFA composition was modified by (1–10 wt. %) SO42− by wet impregnation method. The acidity of these catalysts was determined through the dehydration of isopropyl alcohol and the chemisorption of pyridine and 2,6‐dimethyl pyridine. The catalytic efficiency for the dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether (DME) in a fixed‐bed reactor at atmospheric pressure was investigated. A ~ 95% yield toward DME is maximized over the 10% SO42−/20% ZrO2/SCBFA catalyst at a reaction temperature of 400°C. Additionally, it maintained nearly the same efficiency over a 90‐h period and demonstrated outstanding long‐term stability. The specific surface area and the acidity are the most important factors responsible for enhancing the catalytic performance in this reaction. Our study reflects that SCBFA‐supported zirconia and that modified with SO42− are low‐cost, effective, eco‐friendly, and recyclable catalysts that are highly suited to apply for production of DME from methanol.

show abstract

The Effect of the ZrO2 Loading in SiO2@ZrO2-CaO Catalysts for Transesterification Reaction

Cited by 7 publications

References 62 publications

Advances in Metal Oxide‐based Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production: A Review

Advances in Metal Oxide‐based Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production: A Review

Modelling and Optimisation of the Sol-Gel Conditions for Synthesis of Semi-Hexagonal Titania-Based Nano-Catalyst for Esterification Reaction

Zirconia–sugarcane bagasse fly ash as a novel solid acid nanocatalyst for selective dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether

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