The Effect of the Laser Surface Treatments on the Wear Resistance

Abstract

In case of traditional surface-hardening processes (e.g. carburization), the wear resistance usually correlates with hardness, which means optimising these technologies could be based on testing the achieved hardness. In case of modern laser treatment technologies however – e.g. surface melting combined with surface alloys or laser scanning surface treatment followed by nitridation – it is unlikely to conclude wear resistance from the value of hardness. The reasons are the following: the hardness of surface melting combined with surface alloys (especially if alloyage is made using high hardness compound powders) depends on the remelting of the material and the particle size and distribution of the dispersed alloy. These same properties define wear resistance, but the values don’t necessarily correlate. In case of a compound phase dispersion in a softer base material, we can have outstanding wear resistance with moderate hardness. (e.g. bearing metals) The case is similar with scanning treatment combined with nitridation, which results in complicated structures. Due to the above, it is possible that in order to optimise these aforementioned technologies, we have to rely on examining wear resistance. In order to back this statement, we show the results of two typical experiments concerning these technologies.

Contemporary Digital Competency Review

“…Then the first smart phones became available at the beginning and in the middle of the 2000's, capable of internet access. Of course, this required the tremendous development of mobile phone service providers and cable TV operators [1]. IT solutions became available in all areas of life, changing them completely.…”

“…The Internet as a developing infrastructure causes economic operators also put more emphasis on digital development. In the last twenty years a lot of new industries were developed, which are specifically built on digitalization [1]. Let us think here about net stores, services built on determining digital geolocation, or even the whole online world.…”

Compensation of Digital Competence Deficiency with Software Ergonomic Tools

“…This information is usually available in text format [7]. In a good case scenario, the text message will inform the user in the user's native language, but in other case in a foreign language [8]. It may also happen that although the user receives the information in his or her mother tongue, the user may not understand the terminology if he or she is not familiar with that level of knowledge or because that their general literacy skills are low or illiterate (e.g., preschool-age children) [9].…”

Az acél karbontartalmának hatása a kopási folyamatra

“…A kopási folyamat vizsgálata során több megállapítás vált ismertté, amely a szövetszerkezet és a kopásállóság kapcsolatát tárgyalja. A kis karbontartalmú alacsony ötvözöttségű acélok különböző hőkezeltségi állapotban végzett összehasonlító kopásvizsgálatainak eredményeként a szakcsoport munkatársai megállapították, hogy a bénites darabok keménysége elmarad a martenzites szövetszerkezetű darabokétól, de kopásállóság szempontjából a különbség csekély [6,7]. A martenzit keménysége a karbontartalomtól függ [5].…”