The effect of the glycolipoprotein extract (G‐90) from earthworm Eisenia foetida on the wound healing process in alloxan‐induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Diabetes is now regarded as a major public health problem. The number of patients is estimated to increase to over 439 million cases by 2030. One of the major health clinical problems in patients with diabetes patients is impaired wound healing. Diabetic foot ulcer is a major complication of diabetes mellitus in 12 to 25% of patients, which increases the risk of damage in the limbs or amputation. The earthworm Eisenia foetida glycolipoprotein (as known G-90) is a blend of macromolecules with some biological properties including mitogenicity, anticoagulation, fibrinolysis, bacteriostatic and antioxidatiaon. Given the biological properties of G-90, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of extract obtained from the homogenate of Eisenia foetida (G-90) on the wound healing process in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The results of the present study revealed that treatment by using G-90 can speed up the wound healing process, which is exactly similar to the effect of D-panthenol treatment in rats. These findings also demonstrated that G-90 treatment decreases the risk of infection in the wound site compared with D-panthenol treatment. In addition, histological analysis indicated that a better extracellular matrix formation with increased fibroblast proliferation, neovascularization, collagen synthesis and early epithelial layer formation was observed in G-90 treated group. Therefore, the G-90 could be considered as a new wound healing agent introducing promising therapeutic approaches in both human and veterinary medicine. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Treatment technologies for urban solid biowaste to create value products: a review with focus on low- and middle-income settings

“…They are considered a good pro-biotic feed or used as additives for fish or poultry feed (Adhikary 2012). Pulverized and ingested earthworms have also been studied with regard to their medicinal properties and were found to be effective in treating thrombotic diseases (Christy et al 2015) and beneficial on the wound healing process (Goodarzi et al 2016).…”

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“…It was demonstrated that bioactive molecules in G-90 acted as adhesive substance between adjacent cells. This indicated that G-90 had a significant effect on mitogenic activity by providing resources essential for joining cells that helped in the healing process of a wound 10,15 .…”

“…The significance of tissue homogenate and coelomic fluid had not been promoted to be applied widely. The mitogenic, antimicrobial and antioxidative activities were displayed in the body of earthworm to facilitate normal physiological activities of the animal 15 . The objective of this review was to promote the importance of bioactive molecules in G-90 and coelomic fluid of earthworms as a therapeutic agent.…”

The role of microRNAs in the healing of diabetic ulcers

“…The prevalence of diabetes as a chronic metabolic disease is increasing across the world at an alarming rate. It is estimated that the number of diabetic patients will increase to over 439 million by 2030, and some studies have estimated an increase to 552 million . Increased mortality from diabetes has turned the disease into one of the most important health, social, and economic problems .…”

“…However, type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder because of the degeneration of beta cells in the pancreatic islets . Long‐term hyperglycaemia and the resulting inflammatory condition cause macrovascular problems, such as cardiovascular diseases and arteriosclerosis, along with microvascular malformations, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and – most importantly – ulcers in the lower limbs . Ulcers in the lower extremities, especially the legs, in diabetics, known as diabetic foot ulcers, cause many problems for the patients, their family, and the medical community.…”