The effect of the embedded complex pesticide preparation on the yield structure of grain crops and the root-rot diseases

Abstract

The use of chemical plant protection products is essential to obtain a quality crop, but entails the risks of spreading pesticides in the biosphere and causing damage to beneficial biota. Therefore, the development of new approaches to the delivery of pesticides, which reduce the negative impact on agroecosystems, is an important direction for sustainable agriculture development. The effect of a complex preparation containing the fungicide tebuconazole and the herbicide tribunuron-methyl, embedded in a biodegradable polymer base of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and birch sawdust, on the several indicators was studied: the number of rhizospheric micromycetes of spring wheat cv. Novosibirskaya 15 and spring barley cv. Biom, the effectiveness of root pathogens control, and the structure and quality of the crop. In field experiments, a prolonged fungicidal action of the complex embedded preparation was demonstrated, which was superior in duration and efficiency to the traditional pre-sowing seed dressing. During the growing season, there was a significant (p <0.05) decrease in the number of micromycetes in the rhizosphere of wheat and barley by 1.5-2 times in comparison with the control, as well as a decrease in the prevalence of root phytopathogenic fungi (Alternaria, Bipolaris, and Fusarium). A high level of biological efficiency of the embedded fungicide was demonstrated in different phases of plant development - from 73.4 to 100% on wheat and from 68 to 100% on barley. As a result, the use of a complex embedded preparation increased the yield of spring wheat and barley, respectively, by 10.8 and 4.4 c/ha compared to the control and contributed to the improvement of the grain quality of crops. Keywords: PESTICIDES, EMBEDDING, TEBUCONAZOL, TRIBUNURON-METHYL, POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE), ROOT ROTS, YIELD, WHEAT, BARLEY