The Effect of the Diet Using Palm Kernel Meal on Meat Chemical Composition and Cholesterol Content of Pig

Abstract

ABSTRAKPemanfaatan bungkil inti sawit (BIS) dalam ransum diteliti pengaruhnya terhadap komposisi kimia dan kolestrol daging babi Landrace. Sebanyak 12 ekor babi Landrace kebiri umur 36 minggu dengan bobot potong 93-97 kg dan 2 macam ransum yaitu R I (tanpa BIS) dan R II (22% BIS) digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Kandungan energi dan protein ransum masing-masing untuk R I 3313 kcal DE/ kg dan 12,32% CP, R II 3329 kcal DE/kg dan 13,26% CP. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan R I 6 (R I selama 6 minggu), R I 4 R II 2 (R I selama 4 minggu dan R II selama 2 minggu), R I 2 R II 4 (R I selama 2 minggu dan R II selama 4 minggu) dan R II 6 (R II selama 6 minggu) dengan tiga ulangan masingmasing ulangan satu ekor babi. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh ransum yang mengandung bungkil inti sawit yang diberikan 2, 4, dan 6 minggu sebelum babi dipotong tidak mempengaruhi komposisi kimia daging loin dan ham (kadar air, protein dan lemak) dan kadar kolesterol daging ham, akan tetapi menurunkan kadar kolesterol daging loin pada pemberian ransum yang mengandung bungkil inti sawit selama 2, 4, dan 6 minggu sebelum babi dipotong. ABSTRACTUtilization of palm kernel meal in the diet was evaluated on the chemical composition and cholesterol content of pig. Twelve of 36 weeks old landrace barrow, average weight gain 93-97 kg was used in this experiment. Two diets RI without palm kernel meal and R II with 22% palm kernel meal were applied to the animals. Energy, crude protein content of R I and R II were 3313 kcal DE/kg and 12.32% CP and 3329 kcal DE/kg and 13.26 % CP respectively. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with four treatments were R I 6 (the animals were fed RI for 6 weeks period), R I 4 R II 2 (the animals were fed R I for 4 weeks and R II for the last 2 weeks), R I 2 R II 4 the animals were fed R I for the first 2 weeks and R II for the last 4 weeks) and R II 6 (the animals were fed RII for 6 weeks period). Each treatment was replicated three times with one pigs for each replicated. The result of this experiment showed that cholesterol content on ham, chemical composition (water, crude protein and ether extract) of loin and ham were not signification, loin cholesterol content on RI 4 , RII 2 , RI 2 RII 4 and RII 6 was 24.40 ; 13.50, and 28.80% respectively and less than RI 6 . PENDAHULUANBabi landrace merupakan salah satu ternak penghasil daging. Tujuan utama beternak babi disamping meningkatkan produksi daging, kualitas karkas perlu diperhatikan yaitu menghasilkan karkas dengan persentase daging lebih tinggi dari pada lemak dan kandungan protein tinggi. Kualitas karkas daging dipengaruhi oleh genetik, lingkungan, jenis kelamin dan pakan.