The effect of the chloride ion on chemical degradation of LIX 984N extractant

Shakibania, Sina; Mahmoudi, Alireza; Mokmeli, Mohammad; Rashchi, Fereshteh

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2020.106628

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Hydroxyoxime type extractants are one of the large-scale copper extractants. Currently, a variety of hydroxy oximes are used for the copper industry, either ketoxime or aldoxime or a combination of both [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Cu(II), Fe(III), Zn(II), and Mn(II) from Aqueous Solutions with Ionic Liquid R4NCy

Castillo

Toro

Hernández

et al. 2021

Metals

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The leaching of copper ores produces a rich solution with metal interferences. In this context, Fe(III), Zn(II), and Mn(II) are three metals contained in industrial copper-rich solutions in high quantities and eventually can be co-extracted with the copper. The purpose of the current study was to determine the feasibly of solvent extraction with the use of ionic liquid methyltrioctyl/decylammonium bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate (R4NCy) as an extractant of Cu(II) in the presence of Fe(III), Zn(II), and Mn(II). In general terms, the results showed a high single extraction efficiency of all the metals under study. In the case of Fe(III) and Zn(II), the extraction was close to 100%. On the contrary, the stripping efficiency was poor to Fe(III) and discrete to Zn(II), but very high to Cu(II) and Mn(II). Finally, the findings of this study suggest that the ionic liquid R4NCy is feasible for the pre-treatment of the copper solvent extraction process to remove metal impurities such as Fe(III) and Zn(II).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Cu(II), Fe(III), Zn(II), and Mn(II) from Aqueous Solutions with Ionic Liquid R4NCy

Castillo

Toro

Hernández

et al. 2021

Metals

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“…Their enhanced growth and biofilm formation with 10 mg/L SX reagent might have benefitted from the degradation of the SX reagent. It is reported that the degradation of LIX984N results in the formation of aldehydes and ketones and other compounds (Shakibania et al, 2020). Thus, it is possible that degradation of the solvent might provide an additional carbon source and support the bacterial sustainable growth.…”

Section: Impact Of the Solvent Extraction Reagent On Bioleaching Of C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioleaching of Chalcopyrite Waste Rock in the Presence of the Copper Solvent Extractant LIX984N

Liu

Cao

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Heap bioleaching, the solubilization of metal ions from metal sulfides by microbial oxidation, is often combined with solvent extraction (SX) and electrowinning to recover, e.g., copper from low-grade ores. After extraction, the leaching solution is recycled, but the entrained organic solvents may be toxic to the microorganisms. Here Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, Leptospirillum ferrooxidans, and Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans were selected to perform bioleaching of chalcopyrite waste rock in the presence of the SX reagent (2.5% v/v LIX984N in kerosene). Possibly inhibitory effects have been evaluated by copper extraction, bacterial activity, number of actively Fe(II)-oxidizing cells, and biofilm formation. Microcalorimetry, most probable number determination, and atomic force microscopy combined with epifluorescence microscopy were applied. The results show that 100 and 300 mg/L SX reagent could hardly inhibit At. ferrooxidans from oxidizing Fe2+, but they seriously interfered with the biofilm formation and the oxidization of sulfur, thereby hindering bioleaching. L. ferrooxidans was sensitive to 50 mg/L SX reagent, which inhibited its bioleaching completely. Sb. thermosulfidooxidans showed different metabolic preferences, if the concentration of the SX reagent differed. With 10 mg/L LIX984N Sb. thermosulfidooxidans preferred to oxidize Fe2+ and extracted the same amount of copper as the assay without LIX984N. With 50 mg/L extractant the bioleaching stopped, since Sb. thermosulfidooxidans preferred to oxidize reduced inorganic sulfur compounds.

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“…SX is a large-scale technique that has been used in the copper industry since the 1970s. However, it has had several challenges over the years, such as the addition of high concentrations of chloride ions [6,7], presence of nitrate ions [8], increased impurities [9], organic phase degradation, and reuse of wastewaters and brines [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Nevertheless, despite time's passage, hydroxyoxime has adapted and remained with minimal modifications in its chemical composition (mainly by adjusting mixtures between aldoximes and ketoximes).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvent Extraction of Metal Ions from Synthetic Copper Leaching Solution Using R4NCy

Sepúlveda

Toro

Hernández

et al. 2022

Metals

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Recent works suggest that the use of ionic liquids in the copper solvent extraction industry is feasible. However, the reports did not use real solutions (or synthetic solutions with various elements). This fact remains poorly established, and the interaction efficiencies are still under study. The objective of this research is to explore the extraction and stripping of the four major elements present in a copper industrial pregnant leach solution (Cu(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), and Zn(II)) using the methyltrioctyl/decylammonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate (R4NCy) ionic liquid as an extractant. The work conditions studied in extraction were ionic liquid concentration, initial pH, and O/A ratio, and in stripping were H2SO4 concentration and O/A ratio. The test was carried out at room temperature and ambient pressure. High efficiency and selectivity (99.82% and 113,755 over Cu(II), respectively) were observed for Fe(III) extraction over the other elements. Moreover, after the extraction test, significant difficulty in stripping Fe(III) loaded in the ionic liquid was observed (28.7% at 0.5 M of H2SO4). Finally, the present study demonstrates that the R4NCy ionic liquid is not suitable for copper extraction because it has a higher selectivity for Fe(III) and Zn(II).

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The effect of the chloride ion on chemical degradation of LIX 984N extractant

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Extraction of Cu(II), Fe(III), Zn(II), and Mn(II) from Aqueous Solutions with Ionic Liquid R4NCy

Extraction of Cu(II), Fe(III), Zn(II), and Mn(II) from Aqueous Solutions with Ionic Liquid R4NCy

Bioleaching of Chalcopyrite Waste Rock in the Presence of the Copper Solvent Extractant LIX984N

Solvent Extraction of Metal Ions from Synthetic Copper Leaching Solution Using R4NCy

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