The Effect of the Base of Support on Anticipatory Postural Adjustment and Postural Stability

Abstract

Purpose: This study was to identify the anticipatory postural adjustment (APA) mechanism which is represented by the onset time of trunk muscles and the displacement of the center of pressure (COP) according to the different base of support (BOS) during upper extremity movement. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects (14 males, 16 females) participated in this study. The movement was performed for 10 trials during each of various BOS (shoulder -width double leg stance, narrow base double leg stance, tandem stance, non-dominant single leg stance) at the 1.2 Hz frequency. Electromyography was used to measure muscle onset time and biorescue was used to measure characteristics of the displacement of COP. Surface bipolar electrodes were applied over the right deltoid anterior, right latissimus dorsi, both rectus abdominis, both internal oblique and both erector spinae. The data were analyzed by repeated one-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test. Results: The study has revealed following. There were significant differences with muscle onset time in each BOS (p< 0.01). There were significant differences in characteristics of the COP in each BOS (p< 0.01). Conclusion:The study found that the more narrowed the basis requires the more rapid anticipatory postural control in contralateral postural muscle when the upper extremity movement is performed.

The Mediating Effect of Age, Gender, and Post-Stroke Duration on the Association between Trunk and Upper Limb Recovery in Subacute Stroke Population: A Cross-Sectional Study with Mediation Analysis

“…Previous research reports substantiated the moderate positive correlation of trunk control with upper extremity impairments (r = 0.52, p < 0.001), which emphasizes that execution of hand functions demands reasonable trunk stability and vice versa. Impaired trunk stability, asymmetrical trunk muscle activation, abnormal synergic patterns of the upper extremity, scapular instability, limitations in the upper extremity kinematics, and compensatory trunk movements hinder the balance and functional mobility in the late stages post-stroke [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Construct Validity and Reliability of the Revised Physical and Neurological Examination of Subtle Signs (PANESS) Gaits and Stations Measures

“…A narrower base of support, diminishing postural stability, results in a large displacement amplitude necessitating activation of rapid anticipatory postural adjustments to avoid a fall. Appropriate use of these postural adjustments is an integral factor of movement strategies/coordination (Horak, 1987;Nam, Kim, & Lim, 2017). Forward tandem walking requires more postural corrections compared with walking on heels, toes, or sides of feet (Horak, 1987).…”

The Effect of Thoracic Joint Mobilization on the Changes of the Thoracic Kyphosis Angle and Static and Dynamic Balance

“…The Biorescue (RM Ingenierie, France), a measuring instrument used to measure balance ability, is designed to measure the movement of the body's center of pressure (COP) at a point where the gravity influences the center of gravity (COG) of the body or object in order to assess the migration area (mm 2 ) while the movement is taking place (Nam, 2015). The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was in the 0.83~0.95 range in the reliability analysis in the previous research (Geronimi, 2014).…”