The effect of tenocyte/hyaluronic acid therapy on the early recovery of healing Achilles tendon in rats

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the potential for a better recovery outcome for the Achilles tendon at an early healing stage when a mixed biomaterial-tenocyte injection is used. The experimental animals underwent single limb Achilles tendon transection followed by suturing repair. A solution of either hyaluronic acid with or without tenocytes or normal saline was randomly chosen to be injected around the injury site after surgery. To obtain the comprehensive recovery condition of the rats on different management protocols, the animals were evaluated histologically, mechanically, and functionally. A significant difference in the recovery condition was found in the injured tendon injected with the hyaluronic acid solution with tenocytes compared with the other groups. Tendon stiffness and the locomotion abilities of the rats with healing Achilles tendons were improved in the hyaluronic acid with tenocyte transplantation group. The acceleration of the inflammatory phase in rats with the hyaluronic acid with tenocyte injections might be the major reason for the better functional outcomes.

Probiotics Alleviate the Progressive Deterioration of Motor Functions in a Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease

“…The walking track was composed of an enclosed walkway made of transparent plexiglass (80 cm (length) × 6 cm (width) × 12 cm (height)) with a 45 • tilting mirror positioned underneath the walkway. With a high-resolution and high-speed camera (PX-100, JVC, Yokohama, Japan) recording and image processing software (MathWorks, version 7.6., R2008a, Natick, MA, USA), several gait indices, including step length, stride length, step width, walking speed, and stance/swing phase time, were calculated [42][43][44].…”

Hyaluronic acid and tendon lesions

“…HA appears to inhibit the expression of key intermediaries for the inflammatory signaling pathways (NF-kB), in a dosedependent manner 19,43 . By reducing the expression of proinflammatory factors, adding exogenous HA reduces the fragmentation of endogenous HA and stimulates synovial synthesis of endogenous HA 16,26,36 . Concerning the therapeutic protocol for HA injections for tendinopathies, comparatively to other recent treatments for these conditions, where post-injection rehabilitation could be crucial 44 , such as PRP for example 45 , only 1 or 2 injections alone are described for HA treatments [30][31][32][35][36][37][38][39] .…”

“…Yoshida et al also demonstrated that high molecular weight HA (2700 kDa) was effective for pain relief and for partial restoration of the patellar tendinopathy in a rat model, compared to saline or nothing (control group) 25 . The Liang et al team wanted to show the effect of the presence of tenocytes when injecting HA into the Achilles tendons of rats at an early healing stage 26 . After transection and suture of the Achilles tendon, 96 rats were randomised into three groups: one group (THA) received an injection of 1.0 kDa HA (1.5%) with tenocytes (5x10 5 ), one HA group received the same injection without tenocytes, and a control group received a saline solution injection.…”

Hyaluronic acid and tendon lesions

“…HA appears to inhibit the expression of key intermediaries for the inflammatory signaling pathways (NF-kB), in a dosedependent manner 19,43 . By reducing the expression of proinflammatory factors, adding exogenous HA reduces the fragmentation of endogenous HA and stimulates synovial synthesis of endogenous HA 16,26,36 . Concerning the therapeutic protocol for HA injections for tendinopathies, comparatively to other recent treatments for these conditions, where post-injection rehabilitation could be crucial 44 , such as PRP for example 45 , only 1 or 2 injections alone are described for HA treatments [30][31][32][35][36][37][38][39] .…”