“…Throughout its history, Indonesia has employed various tax-collecting systems, including official, semi-self-assessment, withholding, and complete self-assessment (Sahadi & Adi, 2021). Indonesia has used a self-assessment system since 1984 (Juhandi, Fahlevi, & Setiadi, 2019), a tax collection method that allows taxpayers to calculate, pay, and record their taxes (Ladewi et al, 2022).…”