The effect of super absorbent polymers on soil and water conservation on the terraces of the loess plateau

Cao, Yong; Wang, Baitian; Guo, Hongyan; Xiao, Hu; Wei, Tingting

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.02.043

Cited by 52 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Applying SAP to the soil had no effect on proline under drought and well-watered conditions (Table 2). Maize plants can show a better adaptation to soil water deficit after SAP application when good soil moisture and leaf water potential are maintained (Najafinezhad et al, 2015;Cao et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SAP increases waterretention ability under dry conditions in low clay content soils more than in high clay content soils (Yu et al, 2017). The application of superabsorbent hydrogel to soil promotes irrigation water-use efficiency because of its repeated absorption of soil water and slow release to the crops (Koupai et al, 2008;Liao et al, 2018a), and it reduces crop damage caused by soil water shortage (Khadem et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2014;Cao et al, 2017). Fulvic acid (FA) is a multifunctional growthregulating compound similar to antitranspirants and auxins (Anjum et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2016;Yang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-application of soil superabsorbent polymer and foliar fulvic acid to increase tolerance to water deficit maize: photosynthesis, water parameters, and proline

Yang

Guo

et al. 2019

Chil. j. agric. res.

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Fulvic acid (FA) and superabsorbent polymer (SAP) are widely applied to improve crop growth and yield under water deficit conditions, but little is known about the changes in crop physiological parameters related to water deficit tolerance when SAP and FA are combined. A pot test with maize (Zea mays L.) plants was conducted to examine the combined effect on photosynthesis, leaf water, proline, and growth under soil water deficit. Maize plants were subjected to two soil moisture conditions at the late crop growth phase: water deficit (WD, 50% field capacity) and well-watered (WW, 80% field capacity). The SAP (4.5 g m-2) was mixed into the soil layer at sowing and the FA solution (2 g L-1) was sprayed twice during water control. The combined application significantly improved maize grain yield under both watering conditions. The net photosynthesis rate, intrinsic quantum yield, fluorescent parameter (Fv/Fm), and chlorophyll content all improved with the combined application under both watering regimes. The compensating effect of combining chemicals on yield and photosynthesis parameters was higher than when applied alone under the two watering conditions. For prolonged and WD conditions, leaf proline and water content were higher under the combined treatment than when used separately. Under the WD conditions treated with FA and SAP, Fv/Fm had positive significant correlations with leaf water content and osmotic potential; leaf proline did not show any correlations with either the osmotic potential or leaf water content. This result demonstrated that SAP and FA could be combined to maintain high leaf proline and improve photosynthesis to mitigate adverse effects of moderate water storage on maize growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-application of soil superabsorbent polymer and foliar fulvic acid to increase tolerance to water deficit maize: photosynthesis, water parameters, and proline

Yang

Guo

et al. 2019

Chil. j. agric. res.

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“…In this way, polymers have been also reported as useful tools to reduce soil erosion rates and increase soil fertility [32,33]. Specifically, polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) have been used in erosion studies since the 1950s [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Benefits of Polymers in Soil Erosion Control for Agronomical Plans: A Laboratory Experiment

2019

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New management and techniques to reduce soil and water losses are necessary to achieve goals related to sustainability and develop useful agronomical plans. Among the strategies to reduce soil losses, the use of polymers has been studied but little is known about the effect of them on soil aggregates under extreme rainfall conditions. The main aim of this study was to compare the effects of polyacrylamide (PAM) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) on initial soil erosion process activation. We applied both products on soils and soil aggregate stability was measured on polymer treated and control plots. Laboratory erosion plots (pans) were placed on 15% slope, and sequential simulated rainfalls (under dry and wet conditions) with 360 mm h−1 intensity were applied for 12 min. Time to runoff, total runoff, runoff sediment yield, and splash sediment yield were determined. The results show that polymers do not delay runoff initiation; however, they reduced total runoff, sediment yield, and soil transported by the splash. PVA was not effective in reducing the total runoff during the first rainfall being PAM more effective in this way. However, under the sequential rainfall, both polymers obtained positive results, showing PAM some improvements in comparison to PVA. The effect of the polymer to reduce soil transported by splash after performing the second rainfall simulation was clearly demonstrated, meanwhile the effects during the first simulation were not significant. The effectiveness of the polymers on soil aggregates increased with increasing aggregate size. The application of polymers reached the highest efficiency on aggregates of 6.4 mm in diameter.

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“…The runoff and sediment reduction effects of SWCMs are usually calculated by comparison with control measures [ 42 , 43 ]. However, due to heterogeneity of soil and topography, the compared conditions (controls) are difficult to keep strictly consistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term effect of soil and water conservation measures on runoff, sediment and their relationship in an orchard on sloping red soil of southern China

Xie

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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The effect of soil and water conservation measures (SWCMs) is usually dependent on time. Thus the trend in reducing runoff and sediment over time is a very important theoretical problem for evaluating the effectiveness of SWCMs. Moreover, there is still a lack of comprehensive assessment of water erosion dynamics following implementing SWCMs despite their ecological significance. Therefore, the long-term impact of SWCMs on runoff and sediment and their relationships was assessed for an orchard on sloping red soil in southern China. Overland flow and erosion sediment were continuously observed for 15 years on citrus experimental plots under one of four treatments: grass strips, strip intercropping, level terrace and clean-tillage. By means of Mann–Kendall trend tests and double cumulative curves, the time series of runoff and sediment under the different treatments were analyzed. Furthermore, we linked the effect of soil conservation and the relationship between runoff and sediment variation to determine the mechanism of conservation measures on sediment reduction. The results showed that the first 4 years was the key period to prevent soil erosion for this orchard, and then the intensity of soil erosion decreased below 500 t·km–2·a–1. Considering economic costs and ecological effect, grass strips were the best protective measure for this test situation. The fitted curves of the effect of SWCMs on sediment reduction over time showed an ‘L’ form, but on runoff there was an approximately horizontal line. The SWCMs did not change the rainfall–runoff relationship, but did change the runoff–sediment erosion relationship. The erosion reduction mechanism of SWCMs in the early phase was a joint function of reducing runoff and changing the runoff–sediment relationship, and in the post-stable phase it worked mainly by reducing runoff. The results provide the basis for rational allocation of SWCMs considering location and time.

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The effect of super absorbent polymers on soil and water conservation on the terraces of the loess plateau

Cited by 52 publications

References 32 publications

Co-application of soil superabsorbent polymer and foliar fulvic acid to increase tolerance to water deficit maize: photosynthesis, water parameters, and proline

Co-application of soil superabsorbent polymer and foliar fulvic acid to increase tolerance to water deficit maize: photosynthesis, water parameters, and proline

Potential Benefits of Polymers in Soil Erosion Control for Agronomical Plans: A Laboratory Experiment

Long-term effect of soil and water conservation measures on runoff, sediment and their relationship in an orchard on sloping red soil of southern China

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