The Effect of Streptomycin and Other Aminoglycoside Antibiotics on Protein Synthesis

Jacoby, George A.; Gorini, Luigi

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-46051-7_64

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Treatment with 100 yg/lml streptomycin sulfate, on the other hand, is reported to reduce bacterial conversion of tryptophan to IAA nearly 100% (25). Although we found that aseptically grown corn coleoptile segments placed in 100 ,tg/ml streptomycin sulfate showed little or no SGR, the tissue also showed little or no growth response to exogenously supplied IAA, suggesting toxic side effects at this level of streptomycin (19). Since the timing of the SGR in A vena and corn is the same in both sterile and nonsterile tissue, and since the magnitude of the SGR in sterile tissue is nearly as great as in nonsterile tissue in the case of corn and even greater in the case of Avena, it seems unlikely that the SGR can be attributed to auxin production by epiphytic bacteria.…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 53%

The Nature of Spontaneous Changes in Growth Rate in Isolated Coleoptile Segments

Evans¹,

Schmitt²

1975

Plant Physiol.

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About 4 hours after they are cut from the seedling, corn (Zea mays L.) coleoptile segments mounted vertically show a strong increase in growth rate. This increase occurs in water or various buffers near pH 7 and is not accompanied by the accumulation of a growth promoter in the medium. The increase in growth rate is prevented by mM p-fluorophenylalanine and is strongly inhibited by 0.1 mM p-chlorophenoxyisobutyric acid.The increased growth rate is accompanied by a 95% increase in the ability of tissue extracts to catalyze the conversion of "'C-tryptophan to 14C-indole-3-acetic acid and by a nearly 3-fold increase in indole-3-acetic acid oxidase activity. The increase in growth rate is also observed in segments from coleoptiles grown aseptically.The spontaneous increase in growth rate is completely but reversibly inhibited by 1 AM indole-3-acetic acid. Cytokinins have little effect on the spontaneous growth response, whereas gibberellic acid is observed to extend the latent period and reduce the magnitude of the response. It is tentatively concluded that the increase in endogenous growth rate may result from increased auxin production upon derepression of the auxin biosynthesis pathway after isolating the tissue from the normal supply of auxin from the tip.When coleoptile segments are isolated from seedlings and placed on any of a variety of growth-recording devices, an initial period of rapid elongation (5, 6, 8, 10, 13) lasting 30 to 60 min is usually observed. This period is followed by a gradual decline in growth rate to a low steady value. Once the low steady growth rate is attained, it is commonly viewed as a basal rate of elongation, and the ability of various growthpromoting factors to increase the rate above that level can be tested.Inherent in this approach is the assumption that the low rate of elongation is constant once attained. Recent evidence (6,10 In this paper, we further characterize the spontaneous growth response in isolated corn coleoptile segments and describe some biochemical changes that accompany the response. The phrase "spontaneous growth response" is used in this context in reference to the increase in endogenous growth rate of isolated coleoptile segments and will be abbreviated SGR.3 The SGR is spontaneous in the sense that it occurs in the absence of any exogenous alteration of the system. MATERIALS AND METHODSPlant Material. Nonsterile oat (Avenia sativa L., var. Victory) and corn (Zea inays L., hybrid WF 9X38, from Bear Hybrid Corn Co., Decatur, Ill.) seedlings were grown as previously described (12,13). Sterile oat seedlings were obtained by rinsing seeds first in 70% ethanol for 2 min. The seeds were then shaken in 2% sodium hypochlorite for 25 min and rinsed with sterile H20 before planting in 10-cm Petri dishes on sterile nutrient agar. The seeds were exposed to red light for 24 hr and then allowed to grow in darkness at room temperature to a length of 3 to 4 cm before use in a growth experiment. Only seedlings in dishes with no evidence of bacterial contamination wer...

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Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 53%

The Nature of Spontaneous Changes in Growth Rate in Isolated Coleoptile Segments

Evans¹,

Schmitt²

1975

Plant Physiol.

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“…5-Flurouracil-promoted inhibition of,-galactosidase synthesis could be overcome by cyclic AMP only when the latter was present during the phase of enzyme induction. (11). It has been postulated that streptomycin-induced misreading is not confined to the repair of mutated proteins but inevitably leads to the formation of faulty proteins (8).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The best known and most extensively studied agents producing translation errors are 5-fluorouracil and aminoglycoside antibiotics (11,14). Recently, other antibiotics that interfere reversiblywith various aspects of ribosomal function (chloramphenicol, erythromycin, tetracycline, and spectinomycin) were shown to influence, at subinhibitory concentrations, the frequency of misreading (13).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Aminoglycoside antibiotics and chloramphenicol induce errors in mRNA reading by affecting the conformation of ribosomes, which influences codon-anticodon pairing. The notion that translation errors occur in vivo is supported by circumstantial evidence: phenotypic suppression of certain nonsense mutations, together with the production of enzymatically inactive, immunologically cross-reacting proteins (11).…”

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Catabolite Repression in Inhibition of β-Galactosidase Synthesis by Escherichia coli in the Presence of Agents Producing Translation Errors

Artman

Werthamer

Gelb

1972

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…the 70S initiation complex that is known to be responsible for misreading or/and miscoding during protein synthesis (Tanaka, 1975). The chemical moiety responsible for misreading is the streptamine nucleus, which is an intrinsic part orthe structure of AG (Jacoby and Gorini, 1967). Overall, AG affect the three phases of the protein sYQthesis process: they affect the peptide chain initiation by blocking the 30S initiation complex formation and by inhibiting the ribosomal dissociation (non-reversible binding) and they induce misreading of the genetic code ofthe bacteria during the elongation and the tennination phases of protein synthesis (Jacoby and Gorini, 1967).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary composition alters gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Paquette

Plante

Labrecque

et al. 2002

Physiology & Behavior

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The Effect of Streptomycin and Other Aminoglycoside Antibiotics on Protein Synthesis

Cited by 26 publications

References 97 publications

The Nature of Spontaneous Changes in Growth Rate in Isolated Coleoptile Segments

The Nature of Spontaneous Changes in Growth Rate in Isolated Coleoptile Segments

Catabolite Repression in Inhibition of β-Galactosidase Synthesis by Escherichia coli in the Presence of Agents Producing Translation Errors

Dietary composition alters gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

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