The effect of starvation on the chemical composition of red and white muscles in the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa)

Patterson, S.; Johnston, Ian A.; Goldspink, G.

doi:10.1007/bf01938344

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The former is correlated with increases in tissue transamination and oxidation of leucine in particular, but probably other branched-chain amino acids, in skeletal muscle (Goldstein & Newholme, 1976;Lindsay, 1980). As reported previously (Johnston & Goldspink, 1973;Patterson et al, 1974;Moon & Johnston, 1980) and substantiated on Table I, the water content of plaice skeletal muscle (especially white muscle) increases as myofibrillar proteins breakdown (Johnston, 1981~). Only in the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, has it been shown that a single dominant amino acid is released during starvation (alanine) but this occurs only over the first two weeks of prolonged food deprivation (Leech et al, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Bailey et al relate these high activities with the necessity to mobilize tissue proteins during periods of food scarcity, a process known to occur in many fish species (Love, 1970;Johnston & Goldspink, 1973;Patterson et al, 1974). Quantitative analysis of muscle fibre ultrastructure has demonstrated that around 25% of the white skeletal muscle myofibrils in plaice are degraded after four months food deprivation (Johnston,1 9 8 1~) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amino acid transport and interconversions in tissues of freshly caught and food‐deprived plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L.

Moon

Johnston

1981

Journal of Fish Biology

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Distribution ratios (intracellular/extracelIular concentration) of a-amino isobutyric acid (AIB) and activities of the transaminases of aianine (Ala AT), aspartate (Asp AT), leucine (Leu AT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) were determined in tissues of freshly caught plaice, Pleuronectes plutessa, deprived of food for three months. Liver, red muscle and white muscle demonstrated increased distribution ratios for AIB, while the ratios decreased in kidney and gill with deprivation. Values of the distribution ratio were below 1.0 only in white muscle, with kidney and liver having the highest absolute values. Transaminase activities generally rose with deprivation in all tissues, although the absolute increases were greatest in liver and for the two enzymes Ala AT and GDH. These data indicate that with food deprivation, the role of the liver in amino acid metabolism is maintained and slightly enhanced, while that of the kidney is reduced. Both muscle types (red and white) showed increased water content implicating protein mobilization which could enhance the availability ofamino acids for liver gluconeogenesis and metabolite sparing in other tissues during conditions ofdepletion.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid transport and interconversions in tissues of freshly caught and food‐deprived plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L.

Moon

Johnston

1981

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…Starvation studies on plaice (Patterson et al 1974) and northern pike (Ince and Thorpe 1976) have also revealed glycogen levels in red muscle tissue to decline as starvation was sustained. However, in previous studies on migrating Pacific salmon and North American eels, glycogen levels remained constant or increased slightly (Idler and Clemens 1959;Butler 1969).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic adaptations of oxidative muscle during spawning migration in the Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.

Bombardier

Booth²,

Green

et al. 2010

Fish Physiol Biochem

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The adaptability/plasticity of the highly oxidative red muscle in Atlantic salmon was demonstrated during spawning migration. Substrate concentrations and the enzymatic pathways of ATP production were examined in red muscle obtained from Atlantic salmon at different sites along their migratory route in the Exploits River, Newfoundland, Canada. Individuals were chronologically sampled from a seawater site, two sites upstream, and at spawning. The 20% decrease in salmon body weight during the later stages of migration was accompanied by large decreases (mg dry weight(-1)) in both glycogen (P < 0.01) and total muscle lipid (P < 0.01). In contrast, water content and protein concentration (mg dry weight(-1)) of the red muscle increased by 25 and 34%, respectively, at spawning. Enzymes of the glycolytic pathways demonstrated a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in maximal activity as migration proceeded whereas enzymes of the oxidative phosphorylation pathways, specifically the citric acid cycle enzymes, exhibited an increase (P < 0.001) in maximal activity at spawning. The antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase also demonstrated an increase (P < 0.001) in maximal activity during the latter stages of migration. These adaptations imply that the red epaxial muscle of Atlantic salmon has a more efficient means of oxidizing lipids, while minimizing free radical damage, during the later stages of migration and spawning, thereby potentially increasing post spawning survival.

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“…Clearly, many aspects of the physiology and motivation of fish are affected by starvation, and the effects of condition are unlikely to be linear. During extensive starvation, the ultrastructure of white muscle is more affected than that of red muscle (Johnston and Goldspink, 1973;Patterson et al, 1974;Johnston, 1983, 1985;Black and Love, 1986). At the ultrastructural level, volume fractions of mitochondria and myofibrils, fibre size and capillary supply are reduced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does condition of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) have a greater impact upon swimming performance atUcrit or sprint speeds?

Martínez

Bédard

Dutil³

et al. 2004

Journal of Experimental Biology

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the Ucrit tests, white muscle lactate levels and lactate accumulation per burst-coast movement were considerably higher in fed than starved cod, suggesting more intensive use of fast muscle fibres in cod in good condition. Multiple regression analysis indicated strong correlations between U crit, the speed at which regular burst-coasting began and the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) in red muscle (both caudal and central positions). PDH activity may limit the rate of oxidative ATP production by red muscle. The activity of cytochrome c oxidase in rostral white muscle was the strongest correlate of sprint swimming, suggesting that aerobic preparation of white muscle facilitates rapid contraction. The correlation between Ucrit and sprint swimming was weak, perhaps due to inter-individual differences in sensitivity during sprint tests.

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The effect of starvation on the chemical composition of red and white muscles in the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa)

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Amino acid transport and interconversions in tissues of freshly caught and food‐deprived plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L.

Amino acid transport and interconversions in tissues of freshly caught and food‐deprived plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L.

Metabolic adaptations of oxidative muscle during spawning migration in the Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.

Does condition of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) have a greater impact upon swimming performance atUcrit or sprint speeds?

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