The effect of sputtering Ar gas pressure on optical and electrical properties of flexible ECD device with WO3 electrode deposited by RF magnetron sputtering on ITO/PET substrate

Pooyodying, Pattarapon; Son, Young-Ho; Sung, Youl-Moon; Ok, Jung‐Woo

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2021.111829

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The IrO 2 film has been proposed as an anodic electrode in ECDs, as it facilitates reversible oxidation and reduction reactions, enabling Li ions to enter and exit the interface between the electrodes and the electrolyte [29,31,32]. In general, electrode films for ECDs consist of an anode and a cathode that can be manufactured using various methods, such as sputtering [33][34][35], chemical deposition [36,37], sol-gel [38,39], dip-coating [40,41], pulsedlaser deposition [42], and electrodeposition [43]. In previous work by the authors, they already fabricated anodic coloring materials (IrO 2 and NiO) and cathodic coloring materials (WO 3 ) using a CAP process.…”

Section: Electrochromic Devices (Ecds) Can Function At Low Voltages A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Anodic Discoloration Materials Applying Energy-Storage Electrochromic Device

Chen

Chang

2023

Materials

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We have assessed new anodic coloring materials that can be used as ion storage layers in complementary energy storage electrochromic devices (ESECDs) to enhance their electrochromic storage performance. In our study, we fabricated counter electrodes (ion storage layers) using an IrO2-doping NiO (Ir:NiO) film through cathodic arc plasma (CAP) with varying surface charge capacities. We have also investigated the influence of a MoO3-doped WO3 (Mo:WO3) film using various Ar/O2 gas flow ratios (1/4, 1/5, and 1/6, respectively). The ESECDs used in the demonstration were 10 × 10 cm2 in size and achieved an optical transmittance modulation of the Ir:NiO ESECDs (glass/ITO/ Mo:WO3/gel polymer electrolytes/ Ir:NiO/ITO/glass), with ΔT = 53.3% (from Tbleaching (66.6%) to Tcoloration (13.1%)). The ESECDs had a quick coloration time of 3.58 s, a rapid bleaching time of 1.24 s, and a high cycling durability. Furthermore, it remained at a 45% transmittance modulation level even after 3000 cycles. New anodic materials can thereby provide an alternative to traditional active materials for bi-functional electrochromic batteries.

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Section: Electrochromic Devices (Ecds) Can Function At Low Voltages A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Anodic Discoloration Materials Applying Energy-Storage Electrochromic Device

Chen

Chang

2023

Materials

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“…Additionally, the optical band gap energy (E g ) was calculated using Tauc plots (Figure 6) [31,40]. The values did not vary significantly and were in the range between 1.91 and 2.08 eV.…”

Section: Optical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benmoussa et al [35] reported the fundamental absorption edge at about 600 nm, while other authors reported values between 460 and 550 nm [36][37][38][39] for amorphous V2O5 thin films prepared using magnetron sputtering. Additionally, the optical band gap energy (Eg) was calculated using Tauc plots (Figure 6) [31,40]. The values did not vary significantly and were in the range between 1.91 and 2.08 eV.…”

Section: Optical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Research on Amorphous Vanadium Oxide Thin Films Deposited by Gas Impulse Magnetron Sputtering

et al. 2022

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In this work, a complex examination of vanadium oxide thin films prepared by gas impulse magnetron sputtering with various Ar:O2 gas ratios of 2:1 ÷ 8:1 was conducted. X-ray diffraction revealed the amorphous nature of the prepared thin films, and scanning electron microscopy images showed that the thin films were crack-free and homogenous. Optical properties investigations revealed that a higher oxygen content in the Ar:O2 atmosphere during sputtering caused an increase in transparency. The sample prepared with the highest amount of oxygen in the gas mixture during deposition had 51.1% of the average transmission in the visible wavelength range. A decrease in oxygen caused deterioration in the thin film transparency with the lowest value equal to 21.8%. Electrical measurements showed that the prepared thin films had a semiconducting character with either electron or hole conduction type, depending on the sputtering gas composition. A small amount of oxygen in the gas mixture resulted in the deposition of p-type thin films, whereas an increase in the amount of oxygen caused a change to n-type electrical conduction. Resistivity decreased with increasing Ar:O2 ratio. The gas sensing response toward diluted hydrogen was investigated for all the VxOy thin films, but at low operating temperatures, only the p-type thin films exhibited a visible response.

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“…However, TCO is not cheap, and the preparation process of WO 3 is relatively complex. For example, Pooyodying, et al, focused on the coating of WO 3 on PET/ITO substrates [ 22 ]. In addition, there are different phases of WO 3, such as orthorhombic, monoclinic (m-WO 3 ), triclinic, tetragonal (t-WO 3 ), hexagonal (h-WO 3 ), etc., [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of a Novel Electrochromic Device with Crystalline WO3 and Gel Electrolyte

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Most ECDs are coated with an electrochromic material on the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) substrate. A novel electrochromic device (ECD), having a variable optical performance, was prepared by using tungsten foil as a substrate in this study. It was found that the WO3 discoloration layer, having a monoclinic phase crystalline structure made of 600 °C calcined, had optimum charge transmission performance with PADA gel polymer electrolyte. Ionic conductivity of PADA gel polymer electrolyte was 2.3 × 10−3 S cm−1 at −20 °C, and it was possible to help Li+ to implement embedding and extraction from WO3 even in low-temperature conditions. The colored time (tc) and the bleached time (tb) of the electrochromic device were 15 s and 26 s, and it showed yellowish-brown in the colored state and navy blue in the bleached state. The ECD (WO3-600) exhibited good cycle stability reach at least 150 times.

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The effect of sputtering Ar gas pressure on optical and electrical properties of flexible ECD device with WO3 electrode deposited by RF magnetron sputtering on ITO/PET substrate

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

New Anodic Discoloration Materials Applying Energy-Storage Electrochromic Device

New Anodic Discoloration Materials Applying Energy-Storage Electrochromic Device

Complex Research on Amorphous Vanadium Oxide Thin Films Deposited by Gas Impulse Magnetron Sputtering

Study of a Novel Electrochromic Device with Crystalline WO3 and Gel Electrolyte

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