The effect of special training for quinacrine sterilization (QS) in Faisalabad, Pakistan: a report on an 1833‐women subset of 11,000 cases

Objective: To describe endometrial abnormalities on transvaginal ultrasonography and histopathology in women after quinacrine sterilization. Methods: It was an analytical cross sectional study conducted during February 2012 to April 2013. The sample size calculated at 95% confidence level was 540. Sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The medical history, examination, transvaginal ultrasonography and biopsy of suspected lesion was performed in quinacrine sterilized women. Results: The calculation of statistics showed the mean age at quinacrine sterilization was 38.5 years, standard deviation 6.517, and standard error 0.461. The endometrium was regular and smooth with homogenous images in 86% (n= 466), irregular endometrium with heterogeneous images on transvaginal ultrasound in 9.4% (n =51) and endometrial growth with high level echoes in 4.2% women (n= 23). The histological findings included hyperplasia and well differentiated adenocarcinoma in two patients respectively. Conclusion: The irregular endometrium, adhesions, and growths were found after quinacrine sterilization. The risk of endometrial growth was more after 10 years duration of quinacrine sterilization.

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“…The training of health care workers had shown to decrease sterilization failure rates from 5.4%(SE2.3) to 0.9%(SE0.4). 6 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study population of quinacrine sterilization was 11000. 6 The expected frequency of endometrial adhesions in quinacrine sterilization was 6.4%. 12 The worst acceptable result was 8.45% used for calculations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Endometrial abnormalities on transvaginal ultrasonography and histopathology in women after quinacrine sterilization.

Afzal

Bukhari

2014

Pak J Med Sci

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Contraceptive effectiveness of two insertions of quinacrine: results from 10-year follow-up in Vietnam

et al. 2008

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Quinacrine sterilization (QS): time for reconsideration

Lippes

2015

Contraception

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Dr. Jaime Zipper, the Chilean inventor of the quinacrine method of nonsurgical permanent contraception, was aware that when chest surgeons injected quinacrine into the pleural cavity to treat and prevent reoccurrence of pleural effusion, it resulted in the formation of fibrous adhesions between the lung and costal pleura. Zipper thought that a similar scarring effect could occur in the fallopian tubes if quinacrine was instilled into the uterine cavity. A series of refinements of the methodology culminated in the use of a modified Copper T intrauterine device inserter tube as a delivery system to introduce seven quinacrine pellets into the uterus. This approach with quinacrine sterilization (QS) was introduced into clinical practice in several countries, and a national clinical trial of over 50,000 women was conducted in Vietnam. However, in 1993, the World Health Organization raised concerns that quinacrine might be carcinogenic. This resulted in abandonment of QS in Vietnam and other countries. Subsequent epidemiologic data from extensive human studies do not support an increase in cancer risk. This paper reviews the history, limitations and clinical potential of QS.

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The effect of special training for quinacrine sterilization (QS) in Faisalabad, Pakistan: a report on an 1833‐women subset of 11,000 cases

Abstract: Quinacrine sterilization appears safe with acceptable efficacy.

Cited by 4 publications

References 8 publications

Endometrial abnormalities on transvaginal ultrasonography and histopathology in women after quinacrine sterilization.

Endometrial abnormalities on transvaginal ultrasonography and histopathology in women after quinacrine sterilization.

Contraceptive effectiveness of two insertions of quinacrine: results from 10-year follow-up in Vietnam

Quinacrine sterilization (QS): time for reconsideration

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