The Effect of Space and Parabolic Flight on Macrophage Hematopoiesis and Function

Armstrong, Jason W.; Gerren, Richard A.; Chapes, Stephen K.

doi:10.1006/excr.1995.1020

Cited by 55 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…However, it is not knownwhether these morphological changes are due to microgravity itself, as seen in macrophages (24), to hypergravity itself, or related to the sequential variations from hypo-to hypergravity. Further experiments will be necessary in order to study a kinetic of osteoblast behaviour during gravitational stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape Changes of Osteoblastic Cells Under Gravitational Variations during Parabolic Flight. Relationship with PGE2 Synthesis.

Guignandon¹,

Vico²,

Alexandre³

et al. 1995

Cell Struct. Funct.

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Key words: osteoblasts/parabolic flight/PGE2/microgravity/hypergravity ABSTRACT. The relationship existing between cell morphology and cell metabolism, and the role of mechanical load in bone remodelling are well-known. In osteoblasts, PGE2mediates part of the response to mechanical stress and induce cell shape changes. Westudied the influence of gravity variations on osteoblast morphology and its relationship with PGE2 synthesis during a parabolic flight. ROS17/2.8 osteosarcoma cells flew 15 or 30 parabolae. Wemeasured cell area and shape factor after fluorescein staining with a semi-automatic image analyser and PGE2levels by RIA. Significant flight-induced shape changes consisted in a decrease in cell area and an increase in shape factor (cell irregularity), in some cells, as compared to ground controls. This heterogeneity in cell response might be explained by a cell-cycle sensitivity to mechanical stress. A 45 min pretreatment with indomethacin inhibited the flight-induced increase in cell irregularity whereas cell area remained decreased. PGE2 levels were higher in flight than in ground controls. Linear regression analysis showed a significant negative relationship between cell area and PGE2 synthesis. We concluded that ROS 17/2.8 are highly sensitive to gravitational variations and that PGE2is partly implicated in cell shape changes observed during parabolic flight. However, other mechanisms than PGE2 synthesis condition ROS17/2.8 morphology in response to mechanical changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape Changes of Osteoblastic Cells Under Gravitational Variations during Parabolic Flight. Relationship with PGE2 Synthesis.

Guignandon¹,

Vico²,

Alexandre³

et al. 1995

Cell Struct. Funct.

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“…Parabolic flight induces an increase in PMN number and the capability of PMNs to produce hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) in response to soluble stimuli (Kaufmann et al 2009). These works seemingly indicate that the action of microgravity has enhanced the immune response of PMNs, which is inconsistent with the reduced capability of lymphocytes (Cogoli and Tschopp 1985;Konstantinova et al 1993;Meshkov and Rykova 1995;Mills et al 2002;Mills et al 2008Mills et al , 2013, monocytes (Kaur et al 2005(Kaur et al , 2008Crucian et al 2011), NK cells (Rykova et al 1992;Konstantinova et al 1993Konstantinova et al , 1995Mehta et al 2001), and macrophages (Armstrong et al 1995;Hsieh et al 2005;Ortega et al 2012;Adrian et al 2013;Wang et al 2014Wang et al , 2015Brungs et al 2015;Paulsen et al 2015) under microgravity. The underlying mechanisms for such the difference remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Functions of Neutrophil-like HL-60 Cells

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Microgravity Sci. Technol.

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Altered gravity, especially microgravity affects cellular functions of immune cells and can result in immune dysfunction for long-term, manned spaceflight and space exploration. The underlying mechanism, however, of sensing and responding to the gravity alteration is poorly understood. Here, a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) bioreactor was used to elucidate the effects of simulated microgravity on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN)-like HL-60 cells. Alteration of cell morphology, up-regulation of (nitric oxide) NO production, enhancement of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) secretion, and diversity of cellular adhesion molecule expression were observed for the cells cultured in RCCS, leading to the up-regulated inflammatory immune responses and host defense. It was also indicated that such alterations in biological responses of PMNs mediated the reduced rolling velocity and decreased adhesion of PMNlike HL-60 cells on endothelial cells under shear flow. This work furthers the understandings in the effects and mechanism of microgravity on PMN functions, which are Chengzhi Wang and Ning Li, both authors contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material

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“…The FPA has been used extensively in experiments in which it is necessary to manipulate liquids and cell cultures. Such experiments have included the study of mammalian organ development (21), skeletal development (11), brine shrimp development (22), cell proliferation (18), cellular signal transduction (28), and macrophage growth and differentiation (1). However, when macrophage colony-forming units (CFU-M) were quantitated in groundbased experiments, we discovered significantly more colony growth in FPAs than in 35-mm tissue culture plates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Bone marrow macrophage proliferation which depended on macrophage colony-stimulating factor was enhanced by space flight when assessed in a liquid culture system (1). However, it was difficult to equate the data seen in liquid culture with results obtained with the traditional soft-agar technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Improved soft-agar colony assay in a fluid processing apparatus

Forsman

Herpich

Chapes

1999

In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Animal

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The standard method for quantitating bone marrow precursor cells has been to count the number of colony-forming units that form in semisolid (0.3%) agar. Recently we adapted this assay for use in hardware, the Fluid Processing Apparatus, that is flown in standard payload lockers of the space shuttle. When mouse or rat macrophage colony-forming units were measured with this hardware in ground-based assays, we found significantly more colony growth than that seen in standard plate assays. The improved growth correlates with increased agar thickness but also appears to be due to properties inherent to the Fluid Processing Apparatus. This paper describes an improved method for determining bone marrow macrophage precursor numbers in semisolid agar.

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The Effect of Space and Parabolic Flight on Macrophage Hematopoiesis and Function

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Shape Changes of Osteoblastic Cells Under Gravitational Variations during Parabolic Flight. Relationship with PGE2 Synthesis.

Shape Changes of Osteoblastic Cells Under Gravitational Variations during Parabolic Flight. Relationship with PGE2 Synthesis.

Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Functions of Neutrophil-like HL-60 Cells

Improved soft-agar colony assay in a fluid processing apparatus

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