The Effect of Sonophoresis on Topical Anesthesia: A Pilot Project

Abstract

The dental anesthesia sonophoresis device (DASD) is a novel device that is intended to reduce the discomfort associated with intraoral mucosa needle puncture. The DASD produces ultrasonic energy that provides a sonophoretic effect on the oral mucosa, generating microchannels through the lipids between the keratinized cells that make up the stratum corneum. Once the topical anesthetic has permeated the stratum corneum, it quickly diffuses through the soft tissue, desensitizing the nerve endings and reducing the perception of pain caused by needle penetration. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether topical anesthesia applied using the DASD will reduce the discomfort of the needle puncture when compared to the control device. A split-mouth model, using 50 healthy subjects with puncture site at the maxillary canine vestibule, was used for this study. Subjects received a needle puncture on both sides of the mouth. Prior to the needle puncture, there was randomized application of 5% lidocaine with the DASD and a control device. Subjects rated their discomfort after needle punctures utilizing the visual analog scale pain scoring system. There was no statistically significant difference in the pain perception using the DASD versus the control device.

Extraction of maxillary teeth by dental students without palatal infiltration of local anaesthesia: a randomised controlled trial

“…Various methods for reducing discomfort of the palatal injection have been suggested. These include slow deposition of the local anaesthetic agent, applying pressure, vibration or transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation onto tissues immediately adjacent to the site of injection, the use of transpapillary injection and application of one or more topical anaesthetic agents , which may be delivered using special devices . Another method recommends the use of buccal infiltration alone, without giving LA on the palate.…”

Treatment of chest wall tuberculosis with transdermal ultrasound-mediated drug delivery

“…Sonophoresis technology is a type of transdermal-targeted drug delivery technology, whereby the drugs penetrate the tissue through the skin under the action of ultrasonic waves ( 6 ). The nature of biological tissues is that of a closed circuit, and sonophoresis applies high-frequency electromagnetic fields to produce a cavitation effect, which causes the arrangement of the stratum corneum lipid bilayer to become disordered and promotes transdermal drug penetration.…”

“…The sonophoresis mode for transdermal drug delivery is able to reduce drug degradation in the liver, stabilize the plasma drug concentration and prevent drug degradation in the digestive tract. Thus, the tissue cell permeability is enhanced and the drug absorption is increased within a short period of time ( 6 ).…”

Caracterização, biocompatibilidade, perfil de permeação e eficácia anestésica de uma formulação de lidocaína associada a nanocápsulas de poli(épsilon-caprolactona)

“…Especificamente para a anestesia tópica odontológica, foi demonstrado que a lidocaína a 5% não reduz de forma significativa a dor à injeção da solução anestésica em técnica intraligamentar (Meechan & Thomason, 1999) e na mucosa palatina . Neste último local, mesmo a associação de lidocaína 2,5% com prilocaína 2,5%, constituindo a mistura eutética de lidocaína e prilocaína (EMLA ® AstraZeneca), não é capaz de eliminar a dor à injeção anestésica no palato A fim de promover maior eficácia terapêutica no uso de anestésicos tópicos, várias alternativas têm sido estudadas, como aumento da concentração do sal anestésico (Fukayama et al, 2002), utilização de ultrassom (fonoforese) (Packer et al, 2013), iontoforese e pré-tratamento da mucosa com microagulhas ( As nanopartículas poliméricas constituem bons carreadores pois apresentam estabilidade e permitem fácil manipulação. Esta última característica permite alteração de sua composição possibilitando a incorporação de diversos tipos de fármacos, além do controle da degradação da nanopartícula e da liberação do fármaco.…”