The effect of solvent on the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymerization

Hill, David J. T.; Lang, A.P.; Munro, Peter D.; O’Donnell, James H.

doi:10.1016/0014-3057(92)90260-9

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The co-surfactnt present in the emulsion globules along with the surfactant in the surface and with the monomers in the core. The presence of solvent, n-pentanol, in the reaction loci which is used as co-surfactant may bring about changes in these reaction parameters [2,[6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: ] and Mayo-lewis Integration (M-l-i) [23] Methods (Figs 3 mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also the values obtained from the ME copolymerization method deviate from the values obtained by CE co-polymerization method with HA as co-surfactant under the present study ( Table 5). The differences of the results obtained by ME and CE co-polymerizations with HA as the co-surfactant in these reaction media, and also deviations from the literature re-sults (Table 5) may be due to reasons such as temperature variation of the reaction medium [15], differences in the solubilities of monomers in aqueous phase [17,18,30], presence of the solvent HA in the reaction loci [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] and differences of the monomer partitioning in different phases of the reaction media [17,18,28].…”

Section: ] and Mayo-lewis Integration (M-l-i) [23] Methods (Figs 3 mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of solvents having different dielectric constants, solubility parameters and dipole moments have been studied in the literature [1][2][3][4]. Other possible phenomena that can lead to the dependence of reaction velocity upon the nature of the solvent are complex formation or solvation of one monomer by the solvent [5][6][7], and preferential solvation of the polymer coil by one of the monomers causing heterogeneous repartition of the monomer mixture in solution (bootstrap effect) [8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microemulsion and Conventional Emulsion Co-polymerizations of p-Methyl Styrene with Methyl Methacrylate

Reddy

Thomas

Radhakrishnan

2008

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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Microemulsion (ME) and conventional emulsion (CE) co-polymerization of p-methyl styrene (pMSTY) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) are carried out at 70 • C using n-pentanol (PA) and n-hexanol (HA), respectively, as co-surfactants along with sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) as surfactant in the reaction media, and potassium persulphate (KPS) as initiator. The co-polymers are characterized by NMR and GPC techniques. The reactivity ratios are evaluated by employing Fineman-Ross (F-R), Kelen-Tüdös (K-T) and Mayo-Lewis integration (M-L-I) methods. The K-T method yields the reactivity ratios 0.68 ± 0.02 (r pMSTY ), 0.40 ± 0.02 (r MMA ), 0.68 ± 0.02 (r pMSTY ) and 0.68 ± 0.02 (r MMA ), respectively, for the ME and CE co-polymerizations of pMSTY and MMA with PA as co-surfactant in the reaction media. The K-T method yields the reactivity ratios 1.09 ± 0.02 (r pMSTY ), 0.37 ± 0.02 (r MMA ) and 0.78 ± 0.02 (r pMSTY ) and 0.54 ± 0.02 (r MMA ), respectively, for the ME and CE co-polymerization of pMSTY and MMA with HA as co-surfactant in the reaction media.  Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2008

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Section: ] and Mayo-lewis Integration (M-l-i) [23] Methods (Figs 3 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ] and Mayo-lewis Integration (M-l-i) [23] Methods (Figs 3 mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microemulsion and Conventional Emulsion Co-polymerizations of p-Methyl Styrene with Methyl Methacrylate

Reddy

Thomas

Radhakrishnan

2008

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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“…In this study, monomer-feed-and copolymer-composition data for the STY-AN system given by Hill et al 6 for toluene and acetonitrile and by Klumperman and Kraeger 7 for toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systems have been reported, however, in which the introduction of the four-parameter penultimate model (also called the explicit penultimate model 2 ) gives an improved fit to the composition data over the two-parameter (terminal) model. For example, the styrene/acrylonitrile (STY-AN) monomer system is better described [5][6][7] with the penultimate model than with the terminal model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the monomer reactivity ratios to the kinetic-model discrimination and the solvent-effect determination for the styrene/acrylonitrile monomer system

Kaim

2000

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Microemulsion and conventional emulsion copolymerizations of styrene andn-butyl methacrylate, and characterization of the copolymers

Ramana

Reddy

Susan

et al. 2000

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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Microemulsion (ME) and conventional emulsion (CE) copolymerizations of styrene (STY) with n-butyl methacrylate (BMA) were carried out at 70°C in an inert atmosphere by employing sodium lauryl sulfate as a surfactant, n-heptanol as a cosurfactant, and potassium persulfate as a free-radical initiator. Five different compositions of the monomer mixtures were employed in the initial reaction mixtures, and the copolymerization reactions were arrested at lower conversions. The copolymers made were characterized using FTIR, NMR, TG/DTA, GC, and GPC techniques. The compositions of the copolymers were evaluated from 1 HNMR spectral data. The reactivity ratios for the ME and CE copolymerizations of styrene with n-butyl methacrylate were evaluated by the Fineman-Ross (F-R), Kelen-Tü dös (K-T), and Mayo-Lewis (M-L) methods. The Fineman-Ross method yielded the reactivity ratios of styrene (r STY ) and n-butyl methacrylate (r BMA ) as 0.17 Ϯ 0.02 and 0.60 Ϯ 0.02 for ME copolymerization of styrene and n-butyl methacrylate, respectively. The r STY and r BMA for CE copolymerization of styrene and n-butyl methacrylate were obtained as 0.31 Ϯ 0.02 and 0.55 Ϯ 0.02, respectively.

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The effect of solvent on the styrene-acrylonitrile copolymerization

Cited by 41 publications

References 15 publications

Microemulsion and Conventional Emulsion Co-polymerizations of p-Methyl Styrene with Methyl Methacrylate

Microemulsion and Conventional Emulsion Co-polymerizations of p-Methyl Styrene with Methyl Methacrylate

Application of the monomer reactivity ratios to the kinetic-model discrimination and the solvent-effect determination for the styrene/acrylonitrile monomer system

Microemulsion and conventional emulsion copolymerizations of styrene andn-butyl methacrylate, and characterization of the copolymers

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