The effect of sodium bicarbonate as blowing agent on the mechanical properties of epoxy

Hussein, Mohamad Saed; Teh, Pei Leng; Rahmat, Abdul Razak; Zainuddin, Firuz; Keat, Yeoh Cheow; Suppiah, Kathiravan; Alsagayar, Zyad Salem

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2019.06.027

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Traditional use of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) as a foaming/ blowing agent is well known to generate porosity in the materials and thereby enhance surface area. [41][42][43][44] However, excess blowing mostly leads to macropores. So here we used partial blowing by heating it at 100 C. 45 1,2-Diaminooctane was chosen as a hydrophobic monomer to synthesize the hydrophobic polyaminoamide network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous polyaminoamides via an exotemplate synthesis approach for ultrahigh multimedia iodine adsorption

Avais

Chattopadhyay

2022

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous polyaminoamides via an exotemplate synthesis approach for ultrahigh multimedia iodine adsorption

Avais

Chattopadhyay

2022

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…Furthermore, in cases that applications in food packaging are targeted, only foaming agents that are approved for foods can be used (e.g., EC 1935/2004 [ 9 ]). Such materials are inorganic compounds, such as sodium bicarbonate and their combination with organic acids which havedecomposition temperatures that are compatible with the polypropylene processing temperature [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Chemical foaming is an important foaming method and it is important to choose the range of the decomposition temperature of the foaming agent to match the processing temperature of the matrix polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most commonly used chemical agents in this case are various food ingredients, like fatty acids, vegetable fats, fatty esters, talc, and sodium bicarbonate. Sodium bicarbonate decomposes at a low temperature (145–150 °C) and carbon dioxide is released [ 14 ], while its combination with the fatty acids and esters having melting points from 50 to 200 °C is expected to influence the gas evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injection Molded PP Foams Using Food Ingredients for Food Packaging Applications

et al. 2021

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A new approach to the creation of polypropylene (PP) based foaming materials was developed using food grade foaming agents that were coated on the PP pellets. More specifically, sodium bicarbonate and organic acids were used to coat PP pellets using either polyethyleneoxide (PEO) or lipid esters as coating stabilizers. In order to overcome the problem of the thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate at temperatures lower than the PP melting temperature, which makes the direct foaming during melt mixing impossible, the proposed methodology was proved quite efficient. Thus, new PP masterbatches were prepared, where the foaming agents were incorporated as coating at PP pellets at contents up to 10%, and initially used in Lab scale injection machines in order to find the best combination of materials that resulted in the production of foamed articles. Subsequently selected material combinations were tested in an industrial scale injection molding machine, where an optimization of the injection parameters was attempted. The outcome of this was the production of PP articles with significantly increased void fraction, up to 14%, decreased thermal conductivity, up to 20%, and various pore sizes as was observed via microscopic examination using SEM and CLSM.

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“…The decomposition takes place under relatively mild temperatures between 145°C and 150°C ( Figure 1). 22 , PVC 23 or rubber foam. 24 Theoretically, sodium bicarbonate yields 267 cm 3 /g.…”

Section: A Sodium Bicarbonatementioning

confidence: 99%

From gas release to foam synthesis, the second breath of blowing agents

Coste

Négrell

Caillol

2020

European Polymer Journal

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The increasing concern about the environmental impact of physical blowing agents (PBAs) favours the use of chemical blowing agents (CBAs) to replace controversial PBAs. Blowing agents are key compounds in order to obtain polymer foams. Indeed, blowing agents are crucial additives that release gas needed to blow polymer foams. CBA compounds have been widely studied in recent decades, and today if new CBA are studied, one of the challenges remains to adapt the use of CBA to new polymers or new formulations. Only a handful of books present different CBAs commercially available but in these documents, the presentation of CBAs is not enough complete to understand potential or limits. Thus, our work is focused on the most common, both inorganic and organic chemical blowing agents and highlights the specifications of these CBAs, with their advantages and drawbacks, and finally presents promising perspectives.

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The effect of sodium bicarbonate as blowing agent on the mechanical properties of epoxy

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Porous polyaminoamides via an exotemplate synthesis approach for ultrahigh multimedia iodine adsorption

Porous polyaminoamides via an exotemplate synthesis approach for ultrahigh multimedia iodine adsorption

Injection Molded PP Foams Using Food Ingredients for Food Packaging Applications

From gas release to foam synthesis, the second breath of blowing agents

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