The Effect of Soaking on Segregation and Primary-Carbide Dissolution in Ingot-Cast Bearing Steel

Khan, Fareed Ashraf

doi:10.3390/met8100800

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…At the same time, residual austenite gradually transformed into martensite that is dark. In addition, segregations had been discovered in the steel before tempering [19,20]. The stability of the material properties may be affected by these segregations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the microstructure and impact fracture behavior of martensitic alloy steels

Zheng¹,

Long²,

Zheng³

et al. 2020

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Martensitic steels used for ball mill liners were prepared. The effect of tempering on the microstructures, Rockwell hardness, and impact toughness of the tested steels was evaluated at room temperature. The fracture morphologies were observed by using metallurgical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The results showed that tempering decreased the Rockwell hardness and significantly improved the impact toughness of the tested steel. However, the impact toughness of the tempered steels was unstable. Fracture of the tested steel before tempering was quasi-cleavage fracture; however, it changed to ductile and quasi-cleavage fracture after tempering. Carbide segregations formed at the local grain boundaries became the crack source and were the preferred ways for crack propagation during the impact test. The existence of segregations was inferred to be the main reason for the fluctuation of impact toughness. K e y w o r d s : martensitic steel, tempering, mechanical properties, fracture

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The further analysis from EDS (as shown in Table 2) indicates that the white dots are mainly Fe-Cr carbides. Carbides usually serve as crack sources [19]. Carbides such as M 23 C 6 and M 7 C 3 are incoherent boundaries with the matrix structure.…”

Section: Initiation and Propagation Of Cracksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the microstructure and impact fracture behavior of martensitic alloy steels

Zheng¹,

Long²,

Zheng³

et al. 2020

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“…The precipitation and growth behavior of primary carbides has been revealed to stem from the solute segregation of bearing steels during solidification, which depends on several key factors including the diffusion of carbide forming elements, the grain size of primary austenite, and the cooling rate [11][12][13]. The diffusion of carbon and chromium was indicated to be a controlling factor for primary carbides in GCr15 bearing steels [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Segregation of Fe–C Alloy in Solidification by Phase-Field Method Coupled with Thermodynamics

Gong

Chen

Hao

et al. 2023

Metals

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The primary carbide in high carbon chromium bearing steels, which arises from solute segregation during non-equilibrium solidification, is one of the key factors affecting the mechanical properties and performance of the related components. In this work, the effects of carbide forming element diffusion, primary austenite grain size, and the cooling rate on solute segregation and carbide precipitation during the solidification of an Fe–C binary alloy were studied by the phase-field method coupled with a thermodynamic database. It was clarified that increasing the ratio of solute diffusivity in solid and liquid, refining the grain size of primary austenite to lower than a critical value, and increasing the cooling rate can reduce the solute segregation and precipitation of primary carbide at late solidification. Two characteristic parameters were introduced to quantitatively evaluate the solute segregation during solidification including the phase fraction threshold of primary austenite when the solute concentration in liquid reaches the eutectic composition, and the maximum segregation ratio. Both parameters can be well-correlated to the ratio of solute diffusivity in solid and liquid, the grain size of primary austenite, and the cooling rate, which provides potential ways to control the solute segregation and precipitation of primary carbide in bearing steels.

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“…Aeroengine bearings always work in complex conditions such as high temperature and load. Meanwhile, aeroengine bearings often encounter corrosive environments such as high humidity or salinity, as well as harsh environments during cross-sea flying or the berthing process [1][2][3]. Thus, it is urgently necessary to combat complex service environments through surface modification technologies to improve the corrosion and wear resistance of bearings under complex uses so as to extend service life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Wettability of Ion-Implanted Stainless and Bearing Steels

Chen

Yin

Jin

2019

Metals

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To satisfy the harsh service demand of stainless steel and aviation bearing steel, the anticorrosion and wettability behaviors of 9Cr18 stainless steel and M50 bearing steel tailored by ion beam surface modification technology were experimentally investigated. By controlling the ion implantation (F+, N+, N+ + Ti+) or deposition processes, different surface-modified layers and ceramic layers or composite layers with both effects (ion implantation and deposition processes) were obtained on metal surfaces. The wettability was characterized by a contact angle instrument, and the thermodynamics stabilization of ion implantation-treated metals in corrosive solution was evaluated through an electrochemical technique. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed for detecting the chemical bonding states of the implanted elements. The results indicated that ion implantation or deposition-induced surface-modified layers or coating layers could increase water contact angles, namely improving hydrophobicity as well as thermodynamic stabilization in corrosive medium. Meanwhile, wettability with lubricant oil was almost not changed. The implanted elements could induce the formation of new phases in the near-surface region of metals, and the wettability behaviors were closely related to the as-formed ceramic components and amorphous sublayer.

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The Effect of Soaking on Segregation and Primary-Carbide Dissolution in Ingot-Cast Bearing Steel

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Study on the microstructure and impact fracture behavior of martensitic alloy steels

Study on the microstructure and impact fracture behavior of martensitic alloy steels

Modeling Segregation of Fe–C Alloy in Solidification by Phase-Field Method Coupled with Thermodynamics

A Study on the Wettability of Ion-Implanted Stainless and Bearing Steels

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