The effect of snow reduction and Eisenia japonica earthworm traits on soil nitrogen dynamics in spring in a cool-temperate forest

Makoto, Kobayashi; Bryanin, Semyon V.; Takagi, Kentaro

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.06.019

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The elevated NH 4 + -N levels in coprolites might be due to various nitrogen-containing compounds released by earthworm metabolism through muco proteins and urine. Previous studies also suggest that adult earthworms enhance ammonification 43 , 44 by breakdown of large volumes of organic residues with the aid of gut associated bacteria thereby increases biogenic NH 4 + 31 , 45 . The steady increase of NH 4 + concentration in GM and GS coprolites is related to the initial carbon and nitrogen content of the substrate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…NO 3 – -N concentration showed a linear increase from the 1st to 6th week of vermicomposting from coprolites of both GM and GS with the highest values recorded as 90.2 µg NO 3 – N g –1 DW and 81.81 µg NO 3 – N g –1 DW respectively. The usefulness of earthworm ’ s gut microbes inflates the process of nitrification compared to the situation without earthworms 43 , 50 . The NO 3 – -N removal from the GM was exceptionally high and ranged between 22.03 to 90.20 µg- NO 3 g –1 DW with an average value of 64.24 µg- NO 3 g –1 DW during the entire incubation period (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deciphering waste bound nitrogen by employing psychrophillic Aporrectodea caliginosa and priming of coprolites by associated heterotrophic nitrifiers under high altitude Himalayas

Shafeeq

Baba

Yatoo

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Himalayan ecosystem is characterized by its fragile climate with rich repositories of biodiversity. Waste collection and disposal are becoming increasingly difficult due to topographical variations. Aporrectodea caligenosa, a versatile psychrophillic soil dweller, is a useful biocatalyst with potent bio-augmented capability for waste treatment at low temperatures. Microcosm experiments were conducted to elucidate the comprehensive nature of biogenic nitrogen transformation to NH4+ and NO3− produced by coupling of earthworm-microbes. Higher biogenic recovery of NH4+-N from coprolites of garden soil (47.73 ± 1.16%) and Himalayan goat manure (86.32 ± 0.92%) with an increment of 14.12 and 47.21% respectively over their respective control (without earthworms) with a linear decline beyond 4th week of incubation was reported. NO3–-N recovery progressively sustained in garden soil and goat manure coprolites during entire incubation with highest 81.81 ± 0.45 and 87.20 ± 1.08 µg-N g−1dry weight recorded in 6th and 5th week of incubation respectively and peak increments as 38.58 and 53.71% relative to respective control (without earthworms). Declined NH4+–N in coprolites at low temperature (15.0 ± 2.0 °C) evidenced increased nitrification rates by taking over the process by abundant nitrifying microbes. Steady de-nitrification with progressive incubation on an average was 16.95 ± 0.46 ng-N g−1 per week and 21.08 ± 0.87 ng-N g−1 per week compared to 14.03 ± 0.58 ng-N g−1 per week and 4.50 ± 0.31 ng-N g−1 per week in respective control treatments. Simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification (SHNAD) was found to be a prominent bioprocess at low temperature that resulted in high and stable total nitrogen and nitrate accumulation from garden soil and goat manure with relative recovery efficiency of 11.12%, 14.97% and 14.20%; 19.34%. A. caligenosa shows promising prospects for mass applicability in biogenic N removal from manure of Himalayan goat.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering waste bound nitrogen by employing psychrophillic Aporrectodea caliginosa and priming of coprolites by associated heterotrophic nitrifiers under high altitude Himalayas

Shafeeq

Baba

Yatoo

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…The growth of overstory and understory in temperate forests is generally limited by soil nitrogen (N) and water availability (Aber et al, 1998; Babst et al, 2019; LeBauer & Treseder, 2008). In snowy temperate forests, snowmelt timing also determines the soil biogeochemical cycles (Blankinship et al, 2014; Makoto et al, 2019; Shibata et al, 2013; Wipf & Rixen, 2010). The growth of overstory and understory in temperate forests is generally limited by soil nitrogen (N) and water availability (Aber et al, 1998; Babst et al, 2019; LeBauer & Treseder, 2008), and thus, the changes in soil N and water availability associated with advancing snowmelt can also influence the growth of both understory and overstory vegetation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early snowmelt by an extreme warming event affects understory more than overstory trees in Japanese temperate forests

et al. 2022

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The occurrence of extreme warm events and early snowmelt is predicted to increase in high‐latitude ecosystems, even during periods of time when there is no coincident reduction in total precipitation. However, because extreme events like these occur unpredictably, little is known about how advancing snowmelt by a single extreme warm event, without a reduction in precipitation amount, influences overstory trees and understory vegetation simultaneously in an ecosystem. We conducted a warming experiment (four 20 × 20 m plots) in temperate forests of Japan to determine the effects of earlier snowmelt on both understory dwarf bamboo plants and overstory birch trees. Our experimental treatment advanced snowmelt by about 10 days and increased soil temperatures that were associated with increased rates of soil nitrogen (N) mineralization and nitrification. Furthermore, these changes led to lower C:N ratios of leaves together with the greater growth of understory bamboo vegetation, with no changes in leaf C:N or growth rates of overstory birch trees. Together, our results demonstrate that advancing snowmelt by an extreme warm event in temperate forests is likely to affect N cycling and will benefit understory vegetation without a commensurate change in overstory vegetation, likely due to the increase in available soil N. These results also demonstrate that with the projected increase in the frequency of extreme warm events and advanced snowmelt, understory vegetation is likely to benefit more than overstory trees in Japanese temperate forests with heavy snow.

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“…Some studies only considered the impact of simple temperature increase (e.g., Yoshitake et al., 2015; Zhang et al., 2005) and others examined the combined effects of temperature increase and changes in precipitation (Flanagan et al., 2013; Zhou et al., 2012). Recently, climate change during the dormant season (the non‐growing season of plants: that is, winter) has been examined in the cool and cold regions, because winter events such as soil freezing and snow coverage significantly affect various ecosystem processes including organic matter decomposition (Kreyling et al., 2019; Makoto et al., 2014; 2019; Yanai et al., 2014). For example, Gavazov et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite effects of temperature increase and snow cover change on litter decomposition and microbial community in cool‐temperate grassland

et al. 2020

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We aimed to clarify the individual and interactive effects of temperature increase during snow‐free seasons and snow depth change (increase/decrease) on litter decomposition and microbial community in cool‐temperate semi‐natural grassland. We conducted a 2‐year in situ composite warming experiment comprising temperature increase (ca. 2°C) using infrared heaters during snow‐free seasons and manual snow depth manipulation (±50% in snow depth) in Japanese grassland. Changes in litter mass remaining and litter carbon‐to‐nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) were assessed by litter bag methods. Microbial biomass and community structure were determined by phospholipid fatty acid analysis. Litter decomposition constant (k) was low in the plots with temperature increase during snow‐free seasons (0.56) and with less snow cover (0.57), but combining these two treatments resulted in acceleration of decomposition (k = 0.70); probably, decreased decomposition in the cold climate of early spring resulting from advanced snow melting was compensated for by higher temperature. Differences in mass loss among the treatments were well explained by litter C/N, microbial biomass and microbial community structure. The plots with a high mass loss showed lower litter C/N ratio, larger microbial biomass and different microbial community structure comparing to the plots with low mass loss. Our results showed the complex responses of litter decomposition to summer and winter climate change and combination of less snow cover and summer warming seemed to accelerate the decomposition in cool‐temperate semi‐natural grassland.

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The effect of snow reduction and Eisenia japonica earthworm traits on soil nitrogen dynamics in spring in a cool-temperate forest

Cited by 10 publications

References 40 publications

Deciphering waste bound nitrogen by employing psychrophillic Aporrectodea caliginosa and priming of coprolites by associated heterotrophic nitrifiers under high altitude Himalayas

Deciphering waste bound nitrogen by employing psychrophillic Aporrectodea caliginosa and priming of coprolites by associated heterotrophic nitrifiers under high altitude Himalayas

Early snowmelt by an extreme warming event affects understory more than overstory trees in Japanese temperate forests

Composite effects of temperature increase and snow cover change on litter decomposition and microbial community in cool‐temperate grassland

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