The effect of side chain engineering on conjugated polymers in organic electrochemical transistors for bioelectronic applications

He, Yue; Kukhta, Nadzeya A.; Marks, Adam; Luscombe, Christine K.

doi:10.1039/d1tc05229b

Cited by 64 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…OECTs are also used in the selective detection of dopamine and also for sensing of proteins, bacteria, and DNA and so forth. 14 , 20 …”

Section: Processes In Omiecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OECTs are also used in the selective detection of dopamine and also for sensing of proteins, bacteria, and DNA and so forth. 14,20 Supercapacitor. Supercapacitors possess high power density and excellent cycling stability, and thus play an important role in electrical vehicles.…”

Section: Memory and Neuromorphic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The OMEIC property of polymers is mostly applied in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), electronic circuits, supercapacitors, batteries, photovoltaics, fuel cells, electro-chromic devices, light-emitting devices, bioelectronic devices, and so forth. , Here, a short account of each application is presented highlighting the importance of OMEIC materials.…”

Section: Processes In Omiecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This enables the production of bipolar p-and n-type OMIEC materials. 20 In addition, copolymeric OMIECs containing an n-type NDI core, with a p-type building block (for eample, polythiophene) are drawing much attention as electrons are effectively injected and delocalized along the copolymer chain, especially when ionically conductive side chains are utilized. 21 Recently, a hybrid of N,N-di((S)-1-carboxylethyl)-3, 4:9,10 perylene tetra carboxyl diimide (PTCDA, n-type semiconductor) with polyaniline (PANI, p-type semiconductor) made from dilute acetic acid medium at a 13 wt % concentration of PTCDA has been reported.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blending of the NDI chromophore with polythiophene derivatives results in low oxidation/reduction potentials for the OMIEC copolymer. This enables the production of bipolar p- and n-type OMIEC materials . In addition, copolymeric OMIECs containing an n-type NDI core, with a p-type building block (for eample, polythiophene) are drawing much attention as electrons are effectively injected and delocalized along the copolymer chain, especially when ionically conductive side chains are utilized …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Mixed Ion-Electron Conductivity in Polymer Hybrid Systems

2022

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Recently, organic materials with mixed ion/electron conductivity (OMIEC) have gained significant interest among research communities all over the world. The unique ability to conduct ions and electrons in the same organic material adds to their use in next generation electrochemical, biotechnological, energy generation, energy storage, electrochromic, and sensor devices. Semiconducting conjugated polymers are well-known OMIECs due to their feasibility for both ion and electron transport in the bulk region. In this mini-review, we have shed light on conjugated polymers with ionic pendent groups, block copolymers of electronically and ionic conducting polymers, polymer electrolytes, blends of conjugated polymers with polyelectrolyte/polymer electrolytes; blends of conducting polymer with small organic molecules including conducting polymer–peptide conjugates; and blends of nonconjugated polymers as mixed conducting systems. These systems not only include the well-studied OMEIC systems, but also include some new systems where the OMEIC property has been predicted from the typical current–voltage ( I – V ) plots. The conduction mechanism of ions and electrons, ion-electron coupling, directionality, and dimensionality of these OMEIC materials are discussed in brief. The different properties of OMEIC materials and their applications in diverse fields like energy, electrochromic, biotechnology, sensing, and so forth are enlightened together with the perspective for future improvement of OMEIC materials.

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“…OECTs are also used in the selective detection of dopamine and also for sensing of proteins, bacteria, and DNA and so forth. 14 , 20 …”

Section: Processes In Omiecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Memory and Neuromorphic Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Processes In Omiecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Organic Mixed Ion-Electron Conductivity in Polymer Hybrid Systems

2022

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Toward Sustainability in All‐Printed Accumulation Mode Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Makhinia,

Bynens,

Goossens

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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This study reports on the first all‐printed vertically stacked organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) operating in accumulation mode; the devices, relying on poly([4,4′‐bis(2‐(2‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)‐2,2′‐bithiophen‐5,5′‐diyl]‐alt‐[thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐2,5‐diyl]) (pgBTTT) as the active channel material, are fabricated via a combination of screen and inkjet printing technologies. The resulting OECTs (W/L ≈5) demonstrate good switching performance; gm, norm ≈13 mS cm−1, µC* ≈21 F cm−1 V−1 s−1, ON–OFF ratio > 104 and good cycling stability upon continuous operation for 2 h. The inkjet printing process of pgBTTT is established by first solubilizing the polymer in dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene), a non‐toxic, cellulose‐derived, and biodegradable solvent. The resulting ink formulations exhibit good jettability, thereby providing reproducible and stable p‐type accumulation mode all‐printed OECTs with high performance. Besides the environmental and safety benefits of this solvent, this study also demonstrates the assessment of how the solvent affects the performance of spin‐coated OECTs, which justifies the choice of Cyrene as an alternative to commonly used harmful solvents such as chloroform, also from a device perspective. Hence, this approach shows a new possibility of obtaining more sustainable printed electronic devices, which will eventually result in all‐printed OECT‐based logic circuits operating in complementary mode.

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Phase‐Selective Doping of Oriented Regioregular Poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) Controls Stability of Thermoelectric Properties

Guchait,

Dash,

Lemaire

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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This study focuses on the impact of dopant location in the semicrystalline structure of regioregular poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) on the long‐term stability of thermoelectric properties probed in rub‐aligned films. Phase‐selective doping is possible by suitable choice of dopants. Anion exchange doping results in TFSI dopants located in both crystalline and amorphous domains whereas magic blue dopants are located in the amorphous phase only. The combination of rub‐alignment, increasing concentration doping, and anion exchange doping is effective to produce doped P3HT films with enhanced thermoelectric properties and stability. Transmission electron microscopy, polarized optical absorption spectroscopy, and transport measurements help identify different regimes of doping: crystalline domains are doped first by exchange of F4TCNQ− with TFSI−, followed by a progressive doping of amorphous regions. The best thermoelectric performances of TFSI‐exchanged P3HT lead to power factors in the 160–170 µW m−1 K−2 range. Despite similar TE performances, MB‐doped and TFSI‐exchanged P3HT films behave very differently on aging. Numerically exact kinetic Monte Carlo simulations clarify the origin of this difference. The retention of charges in any phase is crucial for the stability in conductivity, but the conductivity at long aging times, σ∞ is quantitatively determined by the specific phase retaining the charges.

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The effect of side chain engineering on conjugated polymers in organic electrochemical transistors for bioelectronic applications

Abstract: The versatile synthetic side chain toolbox assists in tuning the OECT parameters by controlling material properties of organic mixed conductors. In this review we critically summarise and evaluate various side chains used throughout OECT materials.

Cited by 64 publications

References 109 publications

Organic Mixed Ion-Electron Conductivity in Polymer Hybrid Systems

Organic Mixed Ion-Electron Conductivity in Polymer Hybrid Systems

Toward Sustainability in All‐Printed Accumulation Mode Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Phase‐Selective Doping of Oriented Regioregular Poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) Controls Stability of Thermoelectric Properties

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