The Effect of Short-Term Use of Testosterone Enanthate on Muscular Strength and Power in Healthy Young Men

Rogerson, Shane; Weatherby, Robert P; Deakin, Glen B.; Meir, Rudi A; Coutts, Rosanne; Zhou, Shi; Marshall‐Gradisnik, Sonya

doi:10.1519/r-18385.1

Cited by 28 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Some studies have shown gains in body weight, girth, fat-free mass or lean body mass, but not in muscle strength [27]–[29], whereas others have shown gains in both muscle mass/girth and muscle strength [5], [8], [17], [30], [31], or in neither muscle mass/girth nor muscle strength after short term (from 17 days to 16 weeks) [32]–[35] or long term (2 years) [36] AAS administration. The present study showed that athletes with long term AAS supplementation had significantly higher leg lean mass compared to Clean athletes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Long Term Supplementation of Anabolic Androgen Steroids on Human Skeletal Muscle

Bonnerud

Eriksson

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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The effects of long-term (over several years) anabolic androgen steroids (AAS) administration on human skeletal muscle are still unclear. In this study, seventeen strength training athletes were recruited and individually interviewed regarding self-administration of banned substances. Ten subjects admitted having taken AAS or AAS derivatives for the past 5 to 15 years (Doped) and the dosage and type of banned substances were recorded. The remaining seven subjects testified to having never used any banned substances (Clean). For all subjects, maximal muscle strength and body composition were tested, and biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle were obtained. Using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry (IHC), muscle biopsies were evaluated for morphology including fiber type composition, fiber size, capillary variables and myonuclei. Compared with the Clean athletes, the Doped athletes had significantly higher lean leg mass, capillary per fibre and myonuclei per fiber. In contrast, the Doped athletes had significantly lower absolute value in maximal squat force and relative values in maximal squat force (relative to lean body mass, to lean leg mass and to muscle fiber area). Using multivariate statistics, an orthogonal projection of latent structure discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model was established, in which the maximal squat force relative to muscle mass and the maximal squat force relative to fiber area, together with capillary density and nuclei density were the most important variables for separating Doped from the Clean athletes (regression = 0.93 and prediction = 0.92, p<0.0001). In Doped athletes, AAS dose-dependent increases were observed in lean body mass, muscle fiber area, capillary density and myonuclei density. In conclusion, long term AAS supplementation led to increases in lean leg mass, muscle fiber size and a parallel improvement in muscle strength, and all were dose-dependent. Administration of AAS may induce sustained morphological changes in human skeletal muscle, leading to physical performance enhancement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Long Term Supplementation of Anabolic Androgen Steroids on Human Skeletal Muscle

Bonnerud

Eriksson

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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“…It was demonstrated that supraphysiological doses of testosterone enhance maximal voluntary strength by increasing muscle mass and not by changing contractile properties, and the improvement in strength was dose-dependent [55]. Rogerson et al [56] observed an increase in output of work and power during cycle sprinting in subjects integrated with testosterone. The data suggest that testosterone may increase sprinting performance in humans as in animals [57].…”

Section: Cellular Mechanisms Responsible For the Effect Of Testostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Fat Supplements Increase Physical Performance?

et al. 2013

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Fish oil and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) belong to a popular class of food supplements known as “fat supplements”, which are claimed to reduce muscle glycogen breakdown, reduce body mass, as well as reduce muscle damage and inflammatory responses. Sport athletes consume fish oil and CLA mainly to increase lean body mass and reduce body fat. Recent evidence indicates that this kind of supplementation may have other side-effects and a new role has been identified in steroidogenensis. Preliminary findings demonstrate that fish oil and CLA may induce a physiological increase in testosterone synthesis. The aim of this review is to describe the effects of fish oil and CLA on physical performance (endurance and resistance exercise), and highlight the new results on the effects on testosterone biosynthesis. In view of these new data, we can hypothesize that fat supplements may improve the anabolic effect of exercise.

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“…The obtained results can be ascribed to the influence of testosterone and muscle mass. Previous studies have shown that there is a connection between the level of testosterone and the manifestation of muscle power [27,28]. We can assume that men at various levels of training advancement included in this research manifested approximately similar results of isokinetic power precisely because of having a higher level of testosterone and more muscle mass than women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Isokinetic muscle power of the knee extensor and flexor muscles among differently trained people in relation to gender

Toskić¹,

Dopsaj²,

Toskić³

et al. 2020

Hum Mov.

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Purpose. Isokinetic muscle characteristics are important factors in numerous fields of expertise and scientific study. Information about the differences in isokinetic muscle power among individuals at various levels of training advancement has a significant impact on the development of sports training technology, the athlete selection process, and physical therapy and rehabilitation. The aim was to study the differences in knee muscles isokinetic power between differently trained men and women. Methods. The sample of participants consisted of 159 individuals (84 men and 75 women), divided into 5 groups: the physically inactive (30), the physically active (32), strength and power athletes (33), endurance athletes (32), team sports athletes (32). The absolute and relative average knee flexor and extensor isokinetic muscle power was measured on an isokinetic dynamometer in concentric mode at speeds of 60 and 180°/s. To determine the differences between groups, the multivariate (MANOVA) and univariate (ANOVA) analysis of variance were used. Results. There were significant differences in the relative isokinetic muscle power between differently trained men (F = 1.513, p = 0.043) and in the absolute and relative isokinetic power between differently trained women (F = 1.504, p = 0.047; F = 1.927, p = 0.003, respectively). Conclusions. The obtained results indicate that physical activities which are characteristic of strength and power sports to a great extent contribute to the development of isokinetic muscle power and that isokinetic muscle power is a sensitive discriminant factor to determine the differences between men and women at various levels of training advancement.

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The Effect of Short-Term Use of Testosterone Enanthate on Muscular Strength and Power in Healthy Young Men

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Long Term Supplementation of Anabolic Androgen Steroids on Human Skeletal Muscle

Effects of Long Term Supplementation of Anabolic Androgen Steroids on Human Skeletal Muscle

Do Fat Supplements Increase Physical Performance?

Isokinetic muscle power of the knee extensor and flexor muscles among differently trained people in relation to gender

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