The effect of short fasting on the hypothalamic neuronal system of kisspeptin in peripubertal female lambs

Polkowska, Jolanta; Cieślak, Magdalena; Wańkowska, Marta; Wójcik-Gładysz, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.06.016

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Previous studies suggest that energy deficiency leads to dysfunction of kisspeptin gene expression (Castellano et al, 2005, Kalamatianos et al, 2008, Luque et al, 2007, Matsuzaki et al, 2011, Polkowska et al, 2015, Roa et al, 2009, True et al, 2011, Wahab et al, 2008). In the present study, a 24 h fast increased ARC Kiss1 and decreased Kor in oil-treated females and decreased Kiss1r in E2B-treated females, but had no effect on Tac3r or steroid receptor gene expression in pools of Tac2 neurons..…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction of fasting, caloric restriction, and diet-induced obesity with 17β-estradiol on the expression of KNDy neuropeptides and their receptors in the female mouse

Yang

Yasrebi

Snyder

et al. 2016

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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Arcuate neurons that coexpress kisspeptin (Kiss1), neurokinin B (Tac2), and dynorphin (Pdyn) mediate negative feedback of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the HPG axis. Previous studies report that fasting and caloric restriction reduce Kiss1 expression. The objective of this study was to determine the interactions of E2 with fasting, caloric restriction, and diet-induced obesity on KNDy gene and receptor expression. Ovariectomized female mice were separated into control and estradiol benzoate (E2B)-treated groups. E2B decreased Kiss1 and the tachykinin 2 receptor, Tac3r, in ARC tissue and Tac2 in Tac2 neurons. Diet-induced obesity decreased Kiss1 in oil-treated animals and the kisspeptin receptor, Kiss1r and Tac3r in the ARC of E2B-treated animals. Chronic caloric (30%) restriction reduced all three neuropeptides in oil-treated females and Kiss1r by E2B in CR animals. Taken together, our experiments suggest that steroidal environment and energy state negatively regulate KNDy gene expression in both ARC and Tac2 neurons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interaction of fasting, caloric restriction, and diet-induced obesity with 17β-estradiol on the expression of KNDy neuropeptides and their receptors in the female mouse

Yang

Yasrebi

Snyder

et al. 2016

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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“…In light of the role of kisspeptin in puberty onset in many species, the recent focus of studies on food restriction in the ewe lamb has started to shift to the role of this peptide. One study demonstrated that two months of food restriction reduced hypothalamic kisspeptin mRNA expression (Wang et al 2016) and another found that a short term (3 day) fast in peri-pubertal ewe lambs reduced kisspeptin protein expression in the POA and ARC (Polkowska et al 2015). Thus studies of the neural mechanisms by which undernutrition inhibits GnRH secretion in lambs are in their early stages and further work is needed to determine the effects of nutrition on NKB and dynorphin expression and the functional roles of all three KNDy peptides in the changes in GnRH pulsatility during times of altered nutritional balance.…”

Section: The Role Of Kndy Neurons In Gnrh Pulse Generation In Sheepmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of GnRH pulsatility in ewes

Nestor¹,

Bedenbaugh²,

Hileman³

et al. 2018

Reproduction

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Early work in ewes provided a wealth of information on the physiological regulation of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion by internal and external inputs. Identification of the neural systems involved, however, was limited by the lack of information on neural mechanisms underlying generation of GnRH pulses. Over the last decade, considerable evidence supported the hypothesis that a group of neurons in the arcuate nucleus that contain kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin (KNDy neurons) are responsible for synchronizing secretion of GnRH during each pulse in ewes. In this review, we describe our current understanding of the neural systems mediating the actions of ovarian steroids and three external inputs on GnRH pulsatility in light of the hypothesis that KNDy neurons play a key role in GnRH pulse generation. In breeding season adults, estradiol (E) and progesterone decrease GnRH pulse amplitude and frequency, respectively, by actions on KNDy neurons, with E decreasing kisspeptin and progesterone increasing dynorphin release onto GnRH neurons. In pre-pubertal lambs, E inhibits GnRH pulse frequency by decreasing kisspeptin and increasing dynorphin release, actions that wane as the lamb matures to allow increased pulsatile GnRH secretion at puberty. Less is known about mediators of undernutrition and stress, although some evidence implicates kisspeptin and dynorphin, respectively, in the inhibition of GnRH pulse frequency by these factors. During the anoestrus, inhibitory photoperiod acting via melatonin activates A15 dopaminergic neurons that innervate KNDy neurons; E increases dopamine release from these neurons to inhibit KNDy neurons and suppress the frequency of kisspeptin and GnRH release.

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“… 86 Similarly, Kiss1 mRNA expression in the ARC was lower in lean ovariectomized ewes than normal‐weight ewes, 87 and the number of kisspeptin immunoreactive neurons in the ARC was also lower in fasted lambs than in fed lambs. 88 Interestingly, it has been reported that disturbances of energy utilization, such as obesity and diabetes, also affect the hypothalamic kisspeptin‐Kiss1r system. For example, hypothalamic Kiss1 mRNA expression and gonadotropin levels were reduced in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic male rats, and the administration of kisspeptin restored normal serum gonadotropin levels.…”

Section: The Roles Of Kisspeptin In the Regulation Of Gnrh Under Low Energy Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of low energy availability on female reproductive function

Iwasa

Minato

Imaizumi

et al. 2021

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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Background It is known that metabolic and nutritional disturbances induce reproductive dysfunction in females. The main cause of these alterations is reduced gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion from the hypothalamus, and the underlying mechanisms have gradually been elucidated. Methods The present review summarizes current knowledge about the effects of nutrition/metabolism on reproductive functions, especially focusing on the GnRH regulation system. Main findings Various central and peripheral factors are involved in the regulation of GnRH secretion, and alterations in their activity combine to affect GnRH neurons. Satiety‐related factors, i.e., leptin, insulin, and alpha‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone, directly and indirectly stimulate GnRH secretion, whereas orexigenic factors, i.e., neuropeptide Y, Agouti‐related protein, orexin, and ghrelin, attenuate GnRH secretion. In addition, kisspeptin, which is a potent positive regulator of GnRH, expression is reduced by metabolic and nutritional disturbances. Conclusion These neuroendocrine systems may be defensive mechanisms, which help organisms to survive adverse conditions by temporarily suppressing reproduction.

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The effect of short fasting on the hypothalamic neuronal system of kisspeptin in peripubertal female lambs

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

The interaction of fasting, caloric restriction, and diet-induced obesity with 17β-estradiol on the expression of KNDy neuropeptides and their receptors in the female mouse

The interaction of fasting, caloric restriction, and diet-induced obesity with 17β-estradiol on the expression of KNDy neuropeptides and their receptors in the female mouse

Regulation of GnRH pulsatility in ewes

Effects of low energy availability on female reproductive function

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