The effect of SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine on the symptoms of women with endometriosis

Gilan, Adi; Laster-Haim, Sarit; Rottenstreich, Amihai; Porat, Shay; Lessans, Naama; Saar, T.D.; Dior, Uri

doi:10.1007/s00404-022-06765-0

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…This is consistent with our recent observation that adenomyosis is the most frequent conditions leading women of reproductive age to the emergency service for excessive bleeding [22]. Inconsistencies on bleeding side effects due to COVID-19 vaccine found in other studies may be the consequence of a not adequately evaluated presence of adenomyosis in the cohorts under investigations [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Manifestation of AUB or pain worsening differs from that observed in a 6 months follow-up period of non-vaccinated women with endometriosis or adenomyosis. The data indicate that about 16.8% of these women experience gynecological side effects, and add evidence to two recent studies performed in women with endometriosis [15,16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Based on the type of study, menorrhagia varied from 0% to about 40%. Recent studies specifically performed in women with endometriosis were not consistent in reporting modifications of bleeding pattern, but worsening of pain symptoms was clearly documented [15,16]. Many of our women were on hormone therapy, and this did not al- low an appropriate evaluation of modifications of menstrual cycle length [17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Effect of COVID-19 Vaccine in Women with Adenomyosis and Endometriosis

Xholli,

Schiaffino,

Vacca

et al. 2023

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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Background: It has been reported that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines could provoke flu-like symptoms and changes in menstrual cycles in some women, probably as a result of the immune response caused by the vaccination itself. Altered local immunity and inflammatory processes are found in women suffering from adenomyosis and endometriosis, this having a role in the typical symptomatic manifestations. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of side effects like abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) or pain following the administration of COVID-19 vaccines in women with adenomyosis or endometriosis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on 172 patients referring to our Chronic Pelvic Pain Center, who underwent COVID-19 vaccination. A hystorical cohort of sixty-three non-vaccinated women was used as control. We collected anamnestic data and each woman scored menstrual pain, chronic pelvic pain, and the occurrence of AUB before and after vaccination. Results: Among control women, no one showed AUB, and only 2 women experienced a slight worsening of menstrual pain. Side effects were observed in 29/172 (16.8%) of COVID-19 vaccinated women, independent of whether they were on hormone therapy. In comparison to asymptomatic, symptomatic women had a higher prevalence of adenomyosis (82.7% vs 63.6%), adenomyosis being present in 100% of the 6 women with intermenstrual bleeding, in 79% of the 19 women with heavy menstrual bleeding and in 81% of the 16 women with pain worsening. Nine out of 55 (16.3%) women with endometrioma experienced side effects. Among these, the 3 women that were not on hormone therapy experienced a huge increase in endometrioma volume from +208% to +806%. In one case emergency surgery was necessary for endometrioma rupture and hemoperitoneum. Conclusions: In our sample, adenomyosis appears strictly related to the manifestation of post-vaccine side effects. Hormone therapy seems to be insufficient to protect from post-vaccine symptoms, but the increase in endometrioma volume was observed only in cases without hormone therapy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Effect of COVID-19 Vaccine in Women with Adenomyosis and Endometriosis

Xholli,

Schiaffino,

Vacca

et al. 2023

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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“…In this study, endometriosis was shown to be a significant risk factor for worsening of menstrual symptoms compared with the control group. 28 In the present study, up to 50% of the individuals included reported worsened or new menstrual-associated symptoms in the first cycle after vaccination, regardless of the presence of endometriosis. These alterations were reported to be transitory, because after the second cycle the rate decreased to ~30% in both groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Evaluation of menstrual symptoms after Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in women with endometriosis

Martínez-Zamora

Feixas

Gràcia

et al. 2023

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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Background: Vaccination can have an impact on menstruation, and this impact may be more notable in women with inflammatory gynecological pathologies such as endometriosis. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the impact of mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines on menstrual cycle–related symptoms in women with endometriosis and assess the effect of hormonal therapy on potential SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-induced menstrual changes. Design: A total of 848 women who received at least two doses of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines were prospectively recruited: 407 with endometriosis (endometriosis group) and 441 healthy controls (non-endometriosis group). Methods: Data regarding demographics, clinical characteristics, hormonal treatment, and menstrual-associated symptoms in the first and second cycle after vaccination were collected through an online survey. Results: A similar percentage of patients in both the endometriosis and the non-endometriosis group self-reported menstrual-associated changes the first (52.6% versus 48.8%, respectively) and second cycle after vaccination (29.0% versus 28.1%, respectively). Although the total symptoms recorded were not different between the two groups, several specific symptoms were statistically more frequent in the endometriosis group. These were pain disorders and fatigue in the first cycle after vaccination and pain disorders, menstrual headache and fatigue in the second cycle after vaccination. Bleeding frequency/regularity disorders were found to be more frequent in the non-endometriosis group in the first cycle after vaccination. Patients under hormonal treatment reported fewer changes in menstrual symptoms in the first and second cycle after vaccination compared with those not receiving this treatment. Similarly, patients in the endometriosis group receiving hormonal treatment reported fewer changes in menstrual-associated symptoms compared with those not following any hormonal treatment in the first and second menstrual cycle after the last vaccination. Conclusion: Women with endometriosis immunized with mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines did not perceive greater worsening or new menstrual-associated symptoms after complete COVID-19 vaccination compared with healthy controls. Hormonal treatment may have a protective effect against worsened or new menstrual symptoms induced by COVID-19 vaccination.

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“…In the previously published literature, Mattar reports a higher incidence of pelvic pain in an immunized cohort in comparison to a non-vaccinated cohort, but does not report the incidence in the same immunized cohort before immunization [ 15 ]. Another study from Israel has reported the worsening of dysmenorrhea in the cohort with and without endometriosis, but the information about positive improvement are is [ 16 ]. Additionally, another study has reported new incidence or worsening of dysmenorrhea by more than 47% of participants during the COVID-19 pandemic [ 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Endometriosis-Associated Symptoms Following Immunization against SARS-CoV-2: A Cross-Sectional Study

Lukac,

Friedl,

Gruber

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: There are many reports about variations in the menstrual cycle after infection with SARS-CoV-2 or vaccination against it. However, data on SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination-related changes in menstruation-associated endometriosis-typical symptoms such as dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, and bloating are rare or missing. Methods: This retrospective study was performed as an online survey among employees and students at the University Hospital Ulm, Germany. Changes regarding the presence of mentioned symptoms and after immunization (vaccination and/or infection) were evaluated with the McNemar Test. Additionally, the risk factors associated with these changes and associations between a subjectively perceived general change in menstruation and changes in the symptoms were evaluated. Results: A total of 1589 respondents were included in the final analysis. Less than 4% of respondents reported the occurrence of new symptoms that they had not experienced before immunization. Overall, there was a significant reduction in the presence of dysmenorrhea, back pain, dyschezia, bloating, and dyspareunia after immunization against coronavirus (p < 0.001). Only 2.3% of all participants reported to have been diagnosed with endometriosis. Factors associated with changes in endometriosis-typical symptoms following immunization were body mass index, age, endometriosis, and thyroid disease. Conclusions: Our results provide unique data about a reduction in the incidence of endometriosis-associated symptoms as dysmenorrhea, dyschezia, and dyspareunia after immunization against COVID-19.

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The effect of SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine on the symptoms of women with endometriosis

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of COVID-19 Vaccine in Women with Adenomyosis and Endometriosis

Effect of COVID-19 Vaccine in Women with Adenomyosis and Endometriosis

Evaluation of menstrual symptoms after Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination in women with endometriosis

Changes in Endometriosis-Associated Symptoms Following Immunization against SARS-CoV-2: A Cross-Sectional Study

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